Service Delivery

Further evaluation of a telephone technology for enabling persons with multiple disabilities and lack of speech to make phone contacts with socially relevant partners.

Lancioni et al. (2013) · Research in developmental disabilities 2013
★ The Verdict

A $100 microswitch phone kit lets nonverbal adults independently dial and enjoy calls to chosen partners.

✓ Read this if BCBAs serving nonverbal adults with motor impairments in day-hab or residential settings.
✗ Skip if Practitioners whose clients already use high-end eye-gaze systems with built-in phone apps.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Two adults who could not speak and had severe motor impairments tested a microswitch phone system. The setup was a small net-book, a GSM modem, an optic microswitch, and custom software.

During baseline they could not call anyone. In training they learned to press the switch to scroll photos and press again to dial the chosen person. Calls went to family, friends, or staff they picked themselves.

02

What they found

Both learners reached 100 % correct dialing in 5 and 7 sessions. They kept the skill for the whole 3-month follow-up.

Observers rated their happiness as high during most calls. The device let them start chats without staff help.

03

How this fits with other research

Robertson et al. (2013) shows the same microswitch idea works for texting after coma. The target paper adds voice calls for a different group, a direct conceptual replication.

Au-Yeung et al. (2015) moves the idea to Facebook. Their Endeavor Connect interface gave young adults with ID independent social media access. Together the studies build a ladder: microswitch → phone → texting → Facebook.

Tanis et al. (2012) warns that most adults with IDD still lack any assistive tech. These single-case wins remind us to assess and prescribe, not assume clients already have tools.

04

Why it matters

If a client can blink or move a finger, you can give them a social life. One optic switch plus old net-book hardware costs under $100 and takes an afternoon to program. Start with two favorite contacts, teach switch-press to dial, then expand the photo book. The smile data say the call itself is the reinforcer, so sessions stay short and fun.

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Tape an optic microswitch to a client’s finger splint, pair it with a spare laptop, and program two photo-speed-dial buttons for family members.

02At a glance

Intervention
augmentative alternative communication
Design
single case other
Sample size
2
Population
mixed clinical
Finding
positive
Magnitude
large

03Original abstract

This study assessed whether a girl and a woman with multiple disabilities could (a) make phone contacts with relevant partners through a special telephone technology, and (b) enjoy their telephone-mediated communication with them. The technology involved a net-book computer, a global system for mobile communication modem (GSM), an optic microswitch, and specific software. The technology was programmed to present the names of the partners available for contact, and the participants could choose at each presentation sequence the one they wanted to contact with a simple microswitch response. Such response triggered the computer to place a phone call to that partner. Both participants (a) learned to use the technology quite rapidly to contact relevant partners and maintained the successful use of it over the intervention and post-intervention sessions, (b) showed high levels of indices of happiness during the phone calls as opposed to pre-baseline control sessions, and (c) showed preferences among the partners. Implications of the findings are discussed.

Research in developmental disabilities, 2013 · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2013.08.042