Assessment & Research

Two women with multiple disabilities communicate with distant partners via a special text messaging system.

Lancioni et al. (2013) · Research in developmental disabilities 2013
★ The Verdict

A tidy Braille-labeled keyboard lets adults with blindness and multiple disabilities text on their own.

✓ Read this if BCBAs working with adults who are blind and have additional motor or intellectual disabilities
✗ Skip if Clinicians serving only verbal or sighted clients

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Two women with blindness and other disabilities tested a new texting setup. Each woman got a net-book with a Braille-labeled keyboard. The keys had only the letters and numbers they needed, so the board felt less busy.

A coach showed them how to press the keys to write, send, and read messages. The team watched until each woman could text without help.

02

What they found

Both women learned the full texting chain: write, send, receive, read. They kept the skill across days. The simple Braille labels and small key set made the device usable for people who could not see and had limited fine movement.

03

How this fits with other research

Lancioni et al. (2011) used the same net-book and GSM modem with two post-coma adults. That study added an ABAB reversal to prove the tech, not just the teaching, caused the gains. The new paper shows the same core system still works when you swap in a Braille keyboard for users who are blind.

Robertson et al. (2013) extended the idea from text to phone calls. They kept the microswitch and net-book but added dialing software. Both projects reached positive outcomes, showing the platform is flexible.

Lancioni et al. (2011) also tested a microswitch plus keyboard-emulator for writing. One participant wrote faster, one slower. The texting study looks smoother, likely because the Braille keyboard removed visual scanning and cut motor steps.

04

Why it matters

If you serve adults who are blind and have other disabilities, a stripped-down Braille keyboard on a cheap net-book can give them private, distant contact. You can build the board with stick-on Braille labels and limit keys to essentials. Start with one trusted partner number and expand the list as fluency grows.

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Tape Braille letters on a spare keyboard, hide unused keys, and teach one client to text a favorite coworker.

02At a glance

Intervention
augmentative alternative communication
Design
case series
Sample size
2
Population
mixed clinical
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

This study extended the research on a special text messaging system, which allows persons with multiple disabilities to (a) write and send messages to distant partners and (b) have messages from those partners read out to them. The study involved two women with multiple disabilities (including blindness or minimal residual vision). The system comprised a net-book computer, a mobile communication modem, and an input microswitch, and relied on special keyboards (not used before) to allow the women to write their messages. One of the keyboards included (a) two rows of 10 and 11 keys, respectively, reporting the 21 basic letters of the Italian alphabet arranged in alphabetical order and marked with Braille labels and (b) a space bar and an enlarged back/erase key. The other keyboard had Braille cues on the initial, central, and final keys of the letter rows. Moreover, most function keys were covered (cut out from the usable space). Both women learned to use the messaging system with the special keyboards successfully (i.e., to write their messages, to send them out, and to listen to incoming messages). These findings are analyzed in relation to preliminary data with the system and the need to adapt the writing technology to the participants' characteristics.

Research in developmental disabilities, 2013 · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2012.08.024