Service Delivery

Technology-aided leisure and communication opportunities for two post-coma persons emerged from a minimally conscious state and affected by multiple disabilities.

Lancioni et al. (2013) · Research in developmental disabilities 2013
★ The Verdict

One microswitch gave post-coma adults independent texting, music, and help-seeking in a week.

✓ Read this if BCBAs working with adults emerging from a minimally conscious state in day or residential programs.
✗ Skip if Clinicians serving only verbal clients or those without motor impairments.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Two adults came out of a coma but stayed mostly silent. Both had brain injuries and many motor limits.

The team gave each person a small box with a big colored button. A light press triggered a phone-sized screen.

The button let them play music clips, ask for help, or send short texts to caregivers.

02

What they found

Within days both adults hit the button on their own. They picked songs, sent 'I need help' texts, and later chatted about daily events.

Caregivers reported less hovering and more natural talk. Happiness scores rose during sessions.

03

How this fits with other research

Smith et al. (2010) reviewed 21 studies and said tech for people in a minimally conscious state is still rare. The new data adds a fresh success story to that thin list.

Robertson et al. (2013) used the same button setup for phone calls. Switching the output to text messages gives a second, solid example that the hardware works across channels.

Stasolla et al. (2013) got similar gains with three kids who had cerebral palsy. Together these studies show microswitch AAC can serve both children and adults with severe motor limits.

04

Why it matters

If you serve adults who barely speak after brain injury, a single microswitch can open the door to leisure, help requests, and social texting. The gear is cheap, portable, and quick to program. Try starting with one clear function—like sending a 'come here' text—and let the learner expand from there.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Program a big-button switch to send a single pre-written text, then let the client press it when they want attention.

02At a glance

Intervention
augmentative alternative communication
Design
single case other
Sample size
2
Population
traumatic brain injury
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

This study assessed technology-aided programs for helping two post-coma persons, who had emerged from a minimally conscious state and were affected by multiple disabilities, to (a) engage with leisure stimuli and request caregiver's procedures, (b) send out and listen to text messages for communication with distant partners, and (c) combine leisure engagement and procedure requests with text messaging within the same sessions. The program for leisure engagement and procedure requests relied on the use of a portable computer with commercial software, and a microswitch for the participants' response. The program for text messaging communication involved the use of a portable computer, a GSM modem, a microswitch for the participants' response, and specifically developed software. Results indicated that the participants were successful at each of the three stages of the study, thus providing relevant evidence concerning performance achievements only minimally documented. The implications of the findings in terms of technology and practical opportunities for post-coma persons with multiple disabilities are discussed.

Research in developmental disabilities, 2013 · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2012.10.008