Practitioner Development

Tactics to Ensure Durability of Behavior Change Following the Removal of an Intervention Specialist: A Review of Temporal Generality Within Organizational Behavior Management

Conard et al. (2016) · Journal of Organizational Behavior Management 2016
★ The Verdict

OBM studies track follow-up but rarely lock in the gains—write your exit plan while you write your intervention.

✓ Read this if BCBAs who run staff-training or performance contracts in any setting.
✗ Skip if Clinicians who only treat clients and never train staff.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Conard et al. (2016) read every OBM article they could find. They hunted for two things: follow-up data and plans that keep gains alive after the consultant leaves.

The team called these plans "temporal generality tactics." Examples are written cues, manager check-ins, or bonus systems that stay in place.

02

What they found

Lots of papers showed follow-up scores, but very few said how they made the change stick. Most studies simply hoped the numbers would stay up.

In short, OBM talks about long-term results yet rarely programs them.

03

How this fits with other research

Sobsey et al. (1983) saw the same gap in parent training. Both reviews say, "We measure later, but we don’t plan for later." The fields differ, the pattern is identical.

Luiselli et al. (2022) give the next step. Their eight tactics for building research-ready agencies include embedded teams and leadership buy-in. These same structures can hold behavior gains after you exit.

Brethower et al. (2022) show OBM has always cared about data. Conard’s point is that we now need data on our own exit plans, not just on the first win.

04

Why it matters

If you consult in schools, clinics, or industry, your reputation rides on what happens months after you leave. Add one temporal generality tactic to every project: a manager scorecard, a peer coaching loop, or an automatic email prompt. Write it into the contract before you start, not after the data look good.

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Add a single sustaining tactic—like a weekly manager email reminder—to your current project today.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
narrative review
Finding
not reported

03Original abstract

The endurance of behavior change over time, including the time period after a behavior specialist has ceased to offer direct services, is an important consideration for both organizational behavior management and behavior analysis in general. This article considers a dozen strategies labelled temporal generality tactics that may foster the maintenance and institutionalization of intervention efforts in organizational settings. The use of such tactics was examined by conducting a comprehensive review of articles published between 1977 and 2014 in the Journal of Organizational Behavior Management. The results of this review suggest that although follow-up measures are frequently collected, explicit and proactive strategies to systematically increase the success of long-term behavior change are rarely used or researched.

Journal of Organizational Behavior Management, 2016 · doi:10.1080/01608061.2016.1201036