ABA Fundamentals

The effects of simultaneous prompting on teaching receptively identifying occupations from picture cards.

Dogan et al. (2002) · Research in developmental disabilities 2002
★ The Verdict

Show the right answer, have the kid copy it, and receptive labels stick for weeks.

✓ Read this if BCBAs teaching picture identification or listener responses in clinic or classroom.
✗ Skip if Teams already using errorless methods with the same population and seeing solid maintenance.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Senai and team tested simultaneous prompting on three kids. The goal was simple: teach them to point to the correct job picture when they heard the job name.

Each child got one-to-one teaching. The adult showed three occupation cards, said the job, and immediately pointed to the right card. The child copied the point. No guessing, no errors.

Sessions ran until each kid hit 100 % correct for two days in a row. The researchers then checked if the skill lasted 1-4 weeks and if it worked with new colored cards.

02

What they found

All three children mastered the task in 6-10 lessons. They kept the skill for at least a month without extra practice.

When the pictures were switched to colored versions, the kids still picked the right jobs. The prompting package taught a lasting, flexible skill.

03

How this fits with other research

Cariveau et al. (2023) extends this work. They used the same simultaneous prompt to teach listener responses to a preschooler with Down syndrome. The child learned three times faster and made fewer errors than with a delay prompt.

Burgio et al. (1986) used a different fade: max-to-min prompts inside soccer training. Both studies kept the multiple-baseline design and got strong maintenance, showing the fade style can change but the framework still works.

Neuringer et al. (1968) is the grandparent study. They first showed that prompt-plus-reinforcer packages can lock in social greetings for months. Dogan et al. (2002) repeats that success with receptive labels, proving the idea holds across skills and ages.

04

Why it matters

If you need to teach receptive labels fast and want the skill to stick, use simultaneous prompting. Give the correct response right away, have the learner copy it, and thin your praise slowly. You can apply it to jobs, animals, or even safety signs. One quick demo plus copy is often all it takes for kids to lock the answer in.

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Pick three new pictures, say the name, immediately point to the correct card, and guide the learner to copy your point.

02At a glance

Intervention
prompting and fading
Design
multiple baseline across participants
Population
not specified
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

A multiple probe across subjects design was used to examine whether or not the use of simultaneous prompting procedure would result in an increase on the percentage of correct responding of receptively identifying occupations from picture cards. Maintenance and generalization effects of simultaneous prompting were also investigated. Five occupations were taught to each subject. Black and white picture cards were used to explain occupations during full and daily probe, instructional and maintenance probe sessions. Colored picture cards were used during generalization sessions and generalization probe was assessed before and after instruction. Maintenance sessions were conducted 1, 2, and 4 weeks after the instruction. Maintenance and generalization probe sessions were conducted just like full probe sessions. Fifteen trials were used during full and maintenance probe sessions and 10 trials during daily probe, instructional, and generalization probe sessions. Correct responses resulted in reinforcement in all sessions whereas incorrect responses resulted with error correction during instructional sessions and ignorance during daily, full, maintenance, and generalization probe sessions. Simultaneous prompting was effective for teaching receptively identifying occupations form picture cards. Maintenance and generalization effects of simultaneous prompting were also positive. Future research is needed to extend the current literature about simultaneous prompting.

Research in developmental disabilities, 2002 · doi:10.1016/s0891-4222(02)00122-1