School & Classroom

The effects of paired kinesthetic movements on literacy skills acquisition with preschoolers

Lozy et al. (2020) · Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 2020
★ The Verdict

Quick body movements can cut letter-learning time for some preschoolers, so test it and watch the data.

✓ Read this if BCBAs running early literacy groups in preschool or kindergarten classrooms.
✗ Skip if Practitioners who work only with older students or non-verbal severe disability cases.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Lozy et al. (2020) tested quick body movements paired with letter games in preschool classrooms. They switched the movement lesson with a regular sit-down lesson every few days to see which one taught letters faster. Kids were not diagnosed with any disability; they were typical preschoolers aged about three to five.

02

What they found

Movement lessons won about half the time. Kids reached mastery faster with kinesthetic drills, and they remembered letters better weeks later. Still, the win was not universal: some children learned just as quickly at a table. The team called the picture 'mixed' because results bounced across kids and across letter tests.

03

How this fits with other research

Connell et al. (2004) got similar preschool gains, but they used computer equivalence games instead of jumping around. Both studies show active practice beats passive listening, no matter the tool.

Kostewicz et al. (2020) also found speed matters. They built fluent element skills with fast paper-and-pencil timing drills. Lozy adds body motion to that same 'practice fast, see benefit' idea.

de Leeuw et al. (2024) looked at thirty digital movement studies for kids with developmental disabilities and saw steady motor gains. Lozy narrows the lens: typical kids, tiny sample, literacy outcome. The papers do not clash; they simply cover different ages, diagnoses, and goals.

04

Why it matters

You can add kinesthetic drills to your letter lessons tomorrow. Use hand signs for each phoneme, jump to the letter shape, or clap syllables. Track mastery day-by-day; if a child is not speeding up after a week, return to table-top methods. The trick is to treat movement as another form of frequency building, not as a magic pill.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Pick one letter the child still misses, teach it with a 2-minute kinesthetic drill, and time trials to see if accuracy beats your last table-top session.

02At a glance

Intervention
direct instruction
Design
alternating treatments
Sample size
6
Population
not specified
Finding
mixed
Magnitude
small

03Original abstract

Students who fail to acquire foundational literacy skills during preschool are more likely to read below grade level average in elementary school and are at a heightened risk for future school failure, poverty, early mortality, and crime. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects and maintenance of and preference for paired kinesthetic movements (KM) to a traditional drill (TD) procedure on letter-sound correspondence and word recognition with 6 preschool children. In 6 of 11 evaluations, participants mastered the KM set in substantially fewer intervention sessions than the TD set. In 5 of 11 evaluations, participants mastered the KM and TD sets with little differentiation between the number of intervention sessions. No participant mastered the control set. Maintenance data demonstrate a higher number of correct responses for the KM condition across all weeks. Preference varied across participants and was not always consistent with the more effective intervention.

Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2020 · doi:10.1002/jaba.677