School & Classroom

Social Studies Content Knowledge Interventions for Students With Emotional and Behavioral Disorders: A Meta-Analysis.

Garwood et al. (2021) · Behavior modification 2021
★ The Verdict

Social-studies lessons built with evidence-based practices give big learning gains for students with emotional and behavior disorders.

✓ Read this if BCBAs writing or supervising academic plans for middle- or high-school students with EBD.
✗ Skip if Clinicians who only run early-childhood or home-based programs.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

The team pulled together 17 smaller studies. All tested ways to teach social-studies facts or skills to students with emotional and behavior disorders.

They ran a meta-analysis to find the average boost in learning.

02

What they found

Lessons built with evidence-based tricks gave a large jump in scores. The pooled effect was g = 0.83, a big leap for this group.

In plain words, the right teaching moves can close a lot of the gap in social-studies classes.

03

How this fits with other research

Two years earlier, McKenna et al. (2019) looked for solid studies on academic lessons for students with emotional disturbance in general-ed classrooms. They found almost none. The new meta shows the gap is now filling in.

Solomon (2014) warned that single-case school data often break statistical rules. Garwood et al. (2021) still found a strong average, so the positive signal holds even with those quirks.

Ajibola et al. (1995) got large reading gains with self-reinforcement for kids with ADHD. The new review shows large gains are possible in social-studies for kids with EBD when teachers use clear, scripted methods instead of self-management.

04

Why it matters

You now have proof that social-studies lessons can work for students with EBD. Pick programs that use direct instruction, graphic organizers, or guided notes. Start one in your next class and track quiz scores for a month.

Free CEUs

Want CEUs on This Topic?

The ABA Clubhouse has 60+ free CEUs — live every Wednesday. Ethics, supervision & clinical topics.

Join Free →
→ Action — try this Monday

Open your student’s social-studies book, turn one section into a fill-in-the-blank guide, and teach it for 15 minutes using choral response.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
meta analysis
Population
mixed clinical
Finding
positive
Magnitude
large

03Original abstract

The importance of social studies and civics education is increasing, as evidenced by the growing number of states requiring coursework in this area for graduation and its growing presence in school accountability frameworks. Social studies instruction is critical for all students so that they may understand their roles, rights, and responsibilities as citizens and how their actions can influence their communities. Students who exhibit antisocial behaviors, such as those with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD), may especially benefit from social studies and civics education as it promotes college and career readiness and provides opportunities to engage in social problem solving and perspective taking. The purpose of this study was to systematically review the social studies and civics intervention research for students with EBD. We sought to describe and evaluate the extant literature, identify promising practices, and suggest areas for future research. A total of 17 intervention studies were identified. Overall, 10 out of the 17 studies met What Works Clearinghouse Design Standards with or without reservations. Eight of the 10 studies were eligible for effect size calculation, resulting in an overall large effect (g = 0.83). Study limitations, implications for school practice, and directions for research are discussed.

Behavior modification, 2021 · doi:10.1177/0145445519834622