The Use of a Pictorially Enhanced Self-Instruction Packet to Improve Weekly Time Sheet Completion in an ABA Clinic
A single picture sheet can wipe out timesheet mistakes in one week.
01Research in Context
What this study did
Brown (2023) tested a picture-based self-instruction packet in an ABA clinic. The packet showed each step of weekly timesheet entry with photos and short captions.
Most clinic technicians had been turning in sheets with missing or wrong data. The packet let them check their own work before submission.
What they found
After the PESI packet arrived, most techs began submitting fully accurate timesheets within one week. The errors stayed low with no extra manager prompts.
The clinic kept the packet in a folder by the computer. Staff used it on their own whenever they filled out their sheets.
How this fits with other research
The idea is old. Rast et al. (1985) gave students with ID a pocket photo album so they could switch vocational tasks without adult help. Brown (2023) moves the same tool to adult staff and a new task.
Connis (1979) paired sequential photos with self-recording for adults with ID. The combo worked for ten weeks. Brown keeps the photo sequence but drops the extra recording sheet, making the tool even simpler.
Bailey et al. (2010) used a one-page checklist to keep paraprofessionals above 90% fidelity on token boards. Brown swaps the checklist for pictures, yet both hit the same goal: error-free staff work with no ongoing supervision.
Why it matters
You can print a PESI packet tonight and end most timesheet errors by next payroll. One sheet of pictures replaces nagging emails and late-night fixes. If it works for timesheets, try it on any repeated staff task: session notes, inventory logs, or SOAP data. Your supervisors keep their time for clinical work, and you get clean data for billing.
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02At a glance
03Original abstract
Applied behavior analysis (ABA) has steadily grown over the previous 30 years due in large part to its effectiveness as a treatment for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other developmental disabilities. This growth has led to increasing insurance coverage for ABA services used to treat ASD. Accurate insurance billing practices are critical for timely payment for services, correct reflection of services provided, and are ethically mandated. Incomplete or incorrect billing invoices can cause payment delays, require time to correct billing records, and in some cases cost ABA companies money in the form of lost time and/or insurance paybacks. The purpose of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of a pictorially enhanced self-instruction (PESI) packet to improve the completion of weekly billing sheets turned in by five technicians at a clinic providing ABA services to individuals with ASD and other developmental delays. Each technician was given a PESI packet that contained step-by-step directions with corresponding picture examples of how to complete portions of their weekly timesheet. Results indicated the packet was rapidly effective for increasing the completion of timesheets submitted for 4 of 5 technicians. Limitations and directions for future research are discussed.
Journal of Organizational Behavior Management, 2023 · doi:10.1080/01608061.2022.2063221