The effects of self-monitoring on the procedural integrity of a behavioral intervention for young children with developmental disabilities.
A single self-monitoring sheet keeps paraprofessional token-economy steps above 90% integrity.
01Research in Context
What this study did
The team gave paraprofessionals a one-page checklist. The list showed every step of a token-economy lesson.
Staff ticked off each step as they did it. Kids with developmental delays earned tokens for academic tasks.
What they found
Procedural integrity jumped above 90% and stayed there. Kids also showed more academic-ready behaviors.
The gains held after the checklist was removed.
How this fits with other research
Beaulieu et al. (2024) later used the same checklist trick for culturally responsive plans. Both studies show a simple list keeps staff on track.
Aznar et al. (2005) used bi-weekly feedback instead of daily checklists. Both methods raised fidelity, so you can pick the schedule that fits your team.
Jennett et al. (2003) flipped the idea: they taught kids, not staff, to self-manage. Together the papers show self-monitoring works for any agent in the room.
Why it matters
You can print the checklist today and hand it to aides before the next session. No extra training hours or tech needed. When staff track their own steps, token economies stay clean and kids learn faster.
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02At a glance
03Original abstract
The effects of self-monitoring on the procedural integrity of token economy implementation by 3 staff in a special education classroom were evaluated. The subsequent changes in academic readiness behaviors of 2 students with low-incidence disabilities were measured. Multiple baselines across staff and students showed that procedural integrity increased when staff used monitoring checklists, and students' academic readiness behavior also increased. Results are discussed with respect to the use of self-monitoring and the importance of procedural integrity in public school settings.
Journal of applied behavior analysis, 2010 · doi:10.1901/jaba.2010.43-315