Computer‐based training to teach observers to accurately score problem behavior using fast forwarding at 5x normal speed
A half-hour computer lesson lets new observers reliably score problem behavior at 5× speed and cuts video review time by two-thirds.
01Research in Context
What this study did
Machado et al. (2021) built a 30-minute computer lesson that teaches adults to score problem behavior while the video plays at five-times normal speed.
After each practice clip the program gives feedback. The researchers used a multiple-baseline design across participants to see if accuracy would rise.
What they found
Observer error dropped below 11 percent and stayed there. Review time fell by two-thirds compared with normal-speed scoring.
All learners reached the mastery goal and kept the skill two weeks later.
How this fits with other research
The same lab first showed that 3.5× speed still gave accurate data (Machado et al., 2019). The new study pushes the speed to 5× and adds training, so you can go faster without losing quality.
Other teams used short videos to teach discrete-trial fidelity (Lionello-DeNolf et al., 2025) and preference assessments (Hansard et al., 2018). All found that brief video or computer instruction quickly brings naive staff to mastery.
Together the papers say: a 5- to 30-minute screen lesson can replace lengthy in-person workshops for many observer skills.
Why it matters
If you score long behavior samples, this module frees two-thirds of your time while keeping error under 11 percent. You can assign the training, require 90 percent mastery, and trust new assistants to code at 5× speed next week. More time for treatment, less time staring at video.
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02At a glance
03Original abstract
The current study evaluated whether a computer-based training program could improve observers' accuracy in scoring discrete instances of problem behavior at 5x normal speed using a multiple-baseline design across subjects. During pretraining and posttraining, observers attempted to score multiple examples of problem behavior at 5.0x without feedback. During training, participants scored multiple examples of problem behavior at 5.0x with automated feedback. Researchers measured omission (missing problem behavior) and commission (scoring other behavior as problem behavior) errors and the total duration of scoring time to determine the observers' accuracy and efficiency, respectively. After training, all participants scored instances of problem behavior with less than 11% error using 5.0x. The time required to score the videos across 90-min observations was reduced by 66%. Results extend previous evaluations of fast forwarding by demonstrating that the training program could be used to teach observers to accurately score problem behavior using a speed faster than 3.5x.
Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2021 · doi:10.1002/jaba.783