Service Delivery

Sharing the stage: Inclusion theater programming, social participation, and quality of life.

Whisenhunt Saar et al. (2025) · Research in developmental disabilities 2025
★ The Verdict

Inclusion theater gives neurodivergent kids real friends and confidence, but one show a year is too little.

✓ Read this if BCBAs running social groups in schools or community centers.
✗ Skip if BCBAs who only do clinic-based discrete trial work.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Whisenhunt Saar et al. (2025) asked parents about an inclusion theater program. Kids with intellectual disability, developmental delay, or mixed needs took part. The team used parent interviews to learn if the shows helped social life.

02

What they found

Parents saw big jumps in friendships, confidence, and self-advocacy. One yearly show was not enough. They wanted more chances for their kids to perform and meet peers.

03

How this fits with other research

The result backs up Beadle-Brown et al. (2018). Their 10-week school drama pod also lifted social and communication skills in autistic children. It is a conceptual twin done in a classroom instead of a theater.

van Timmeren et al. (2016) seems to disagree. Their large survey found school-age youth with ID or ASD had few friends and little social activity. The gap closes when you look at age and method. The survey sampled older kids with no special program; the theater study asked parents of younger kids after an intervention.

Thompson-Hodgetts et al. (2024) extend the idea. A 5-minute peer script at day camp boosted joint play for autistic campers. Both studies show brief, peer-focused activities in natural spots can spark real social gains.

04

Why it matters

You can add theater or short peer scripts to your community toolkit. Parents value them and see friendship growth. Plan more than one cycle a year so gains stick. Pair the shows with recess or camp scripts for extra practice.

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Call a local youth theater and set up a 6-week rehearsal block for your clients.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
qualitative
Sample size
5
Population
intellectual disability, developmental delay, mixed clinical
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

BACKGROUND: Social participation is a crucial Quality of Life (QoL) factor. Inclusion theater programming allows rehabilitation providers to collaborate with arts professionals to provide rich, authentic, inclusive therapeutic experiences for individuals with communication disorders secondary to intellectual and developmental disabilities and neurodivergence. METHODS: Qualitative thematic analysis was used to examine semi-structured interviews with five parents of children with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) or neurodivergence regarding their child's participation in an inclusion theater program. RESULTS: Parents described a typical social landscape that discourages social participation for neurodivergent children and children and adolescents with IDD. They appreciated the structure of this inclusion theater program, which they contrasted with their child's everyday reality. They described that both program design and personnel supported individualized learning. Perceived benefits included development of friendships and a sense of belonging within a community, along with encouraging demonstrations of confidence and self-advocacy. While this opportunity was held up to contrast their everyday social reality of exclusion and bullying, parents found this singular annual program insufficient. They pledged to advocate for better community education to expand inclusion opportunities. DISCUSSION: Social participation, a key QoL element, was observed by parents of children engaged in this inclusion theater program and credited for perceived positive benefits. Parents believed that the structure of the program promoted learning and skill growth, increases in personal factors such as confidence and self-advocacy, along with development of community, and a sense of responsibility that empowered the children. Success experienced in such programming can lead parents and children to try more mainstream opportunities.

Research in developmental disabilities, 2025 · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2025.104982