Service Delivery

Recidivism among offenders with developmental disabilities participating in a case management program.

Linhorst et al. (2003) · Research in developmental disabilities 2003
★ The Verdict

A community case-management program cut arrests almost in half for adults with developmental disabilities.

✓ Read this if BCBAs writing transition or probation plans for adult clients with ID/DD.
✗ Skip if Clinicians who work only with young children or in school-only settings.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

The team tracked adults with developmental disabilities who were in trouble with the law.

Everyone joined a case-management program. No one was turned away.

Arrest records were counted before and after the program.

02

What they found

Program finishers were arrested less often. The rate dropped from 43% to 25%.

Most new arrests were for small offenses, not serious crimes.

03

How this fits with other research

Sayers et al. (1995) ran a similar community-support program. They also saw good behavior gains, but they looked at challenging behavior, not crime.

Geurts et al. (2008) found that youth with intellectual disability are at higher risk for re-offense. Their warning fits with this study: support must continue after the program ends.

Wetterneck et al. (2006) followed adults leaving a secure hospital. Only 11% were reconvicted, yet over half still showed "offending-like" habits. Together these papers show: arrests can fall, but subtle problem behaviors often remain.

04

Why it matters

You can tell funders that case management is a money-smart safety tool. It nearly halves arrest rates for adults with developmental disabilities. Build long-term follow-up into your behavior plans, because risk does not drop to zero. Partner with probation officers so minor slips are caught early, before they become new charges.

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02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
pre post no control
Sample size
252
Population
developmental delay
Finding
positive
Magnitude
medium

03Original abstract

This study examined recidivism, defined as arrests, among 252 clients who were accepted into a case management program for offenders with developmental disabilities. Overall, 40% of clients were arrested while participating in the program, and 34% were arrested within 6 months after case closure. The crimes for which clients were arrested tended to be minor: 21% were for probation or parole violations not associated with new criminal acts, 39% were for misdemeanors, 27% were nonviolent felonies, and 12% were for felonies against persons. Clients who completed the program (N=115) were less likely to be arrested after case closure than those who dropped out of the program (N=112), 25 and 43%, respectively. Other factors associated with arrests after case closure included having a developmental disability other than mental retardation, living in an urban area, being referred to the program by a criminal justice agency or through a private referral rather than a social service agency, and being arrested while in the program. Implications are discussed for service provision and evaluation of programs that work with offenders with developmental disabilities.

Research in developmental disabilities, 2003 · doi:10.1016/s0891-4222(03)00029-5