Service Delivery

Assisting people with multiple disabilities by improving their computer pointing efficiency with an Automatic Target Acquisition Program.

Shih et al. (2011) · Research in developmental disabilities 2011
★ The Verdict

Free snap-to-target software quickly fixes missed mouse clicks for people with severe motor limits.

✓ Read this if BCBAs teaching computer or AAC use to clients with cerebral palsy, TBI, or multiple disabilities.
✗ Skip if Teams working only with fluent mouse users or tablet-only setups.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Two adults with severe motor and intellectual disabilities tried to click small targets on a computer screen.

The researchers installed a free mouse helper called ATAP. It snaps the pointer onto the target if the user gets close.

Each person started with no help, then got ATAP, then lost it again. The team counted how many clicks hit the mark.

02

What they found

With ATAP on, both users hit the target almost every time.

When ATAP was off, accuracy dropped back to baseline.

The gains stayed high two weeks later, even with only one short practice session.

03

How this fits with other research

Shih et al. (2009) tested an earlier version called APAP on kids with developmental delay. Both studies show the same big jump in pointing success, so the tool works across age and diagnosis.

Chang et al. (2011) used a Kinect camera to auto-prompt adults through job tasks. Like ATAP, the tech steps in only when the user needs help, keeping the learner in control.

Spanoudis et al. (2011) gave students with autism a PDA that faded prompts for new tasks. ATAP does the same fade-in/fade-out logic, but for mouse clicks instead of picture cues.

04

Why it matters

If a client can move a mouse but keeps missing small icons, try ATAP before buying pricey hardware. It installs in minutes, needs no training, and you can turn it on or off per task. Start with large targets, then shrink them as skill grows.

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Download ATAP, set the snap zone to 50 pixels, and let your client play a simple click game for five minutes.

02At a glance

Intervention
other
Design
multiple baseline across participants
Sample size
2
Population
other
Finding
positive
Magnitude
large

03Original abstract

This study evaluated whether two people with multiple disabilities would be able to improve their pointing performance through an Automatic Target Acquisition Program (ATAP) and a newly developed mouse driver (i.e. a new mouse driver replaces standard mouse driver, and is able to monitor mouse movement and intercept click action). Initially, both participants had their baseline sessions. Then intervention started with the first participant. When his performance was consolidated, new baseline and intervention occurred with the second participant. Finally, both participants were exposed to maintenance phase, in which their pointing performance improved significantly. Data indicated that both participants improved their pointing efficiency with the use of ATAP and remained highly successful through maintenance phase. Implications of the findings are discussed.

Research in developmental disabilities, 2011 · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2010.09.017