School & Classroom

Generalization and maintenance of treatment gains of behaviorally handicapped students from resource rooms to regular classrooms using self-evaluation procedures.

Rhode et al. (1983) · Journal of applied behavior analysis 1983
★ The Verdict

Self-evaluation taught in a resource room sticks in gen-ed for most behavior-handicapped students.

✓ Read this if BCBAs pushing resource-room skills into inclusive classrooms.
✗ Skip if Clinicians working only in clinic or home settings.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

McGee et al. (1983) taught six students with behavior challenges to rate their own behavior in a small resource room. The kids practiced self-evaluation daily, then the researchers tracked if the good behavior moved with them into their regular classrooms.

02

What they found

Four of the six students kept high levels of appropriate behavior in gen-ed after the switch. Two kids needed a tweaked version of the plan to stay on track. The study shows most kids can carry self-management skills across settings with little extra help.

03

How this fits with other research

Herrnstein et al. (1979) did something similar four years earlier. They first taught self-monitoring in a quiet lab, then saw the gains hold in class for up to a year. Their early work set the stage for the 1983 classroom-first approach.

Einfeld et al. (1995) built on both studies. They added small token rewards to self-evaluation and got even bigger boosts in social behavior. The pattern shows each team refined the last step: start in lab, move to resource room, then add rewards.

Sulu et al. (2023) recently repeated the logic with Turkish kids who have ADHD. Self-monitoring alone still worked in inclusive classrooms, proving the core idea travels across cultures and diagnoses.

04

Why it matters

You can teach self-evaluation in your small-group table and expect most kids to keep the skills at their desks. Start with simple daily rating sheets. If a student slips, add brief adult checks or tiny rewards like the 1995 team did. The forty-year chain of studies says self-management is a cheap, portable tool that keeps working.

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Give your next small-group student a 3-item self-rating sheet and have them score their own behavior before re-entering gen-ed.

02At a glance

Intervention
self management
Design
multiple baseline across participants
Sample size
6
Population
mixed clinical
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

This study provided six behaviorally handicapped elementary school students with a short-term resource treatment to bring their behavior under the control of a combination of treatment procedures emphasizing self-evaluation. Once acceptable levels of appropriate behavior were maintained with only minimal external reinforcement and students were accurately self-evaluating their own work and behavior, generalization and maintenance of behavior gains were sought by introducing a reduced form of the self-evaluation procedures in the students' regular classrooms. A multiple baseline across pairs of subjects design was used to examine individual student's behavior. Analysis of the results of the study indicated that students transferred and maintained high levels of appropriate classroom behavior in their regular classrooms, once self-evaluation procedures were extended into those settings. For four of the six students, all extra-training components were faded. Only two students required a modified form of the original intervention to maintain behavior gains in their regular classrooms.

Journal of applied behavior analysis, 1983 · doi:10.1901/jaba.1983.16-171