School & Classroom

A note on a simple procedure for redistributing a teacher's student contacts.

Sanders et al. (1971) · Journal of applied behavior analysis 1971
★ The Verdict

A finish-then-play rule lifts work completion and steers teacher time to kids who need it most.

✓ Read this if BCBAs running classroom academic programs in elementary schools.
✗ Skip if Clinicians who only work one-to-one or in home settings.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

The researchers worked with a third-grade class. They told kids, "Finish your work, then go to the play corner."

They watched who finished work and who the teacher talked to. They wanted to see if the rule moved teacher time to slower workers.

02

What they found

More kids finished their work when the play corner waited. The teacher also spent more time with the kids who needed help.

The rule acted like a magnet. Finished kids left, so the teacher could focus on the rest.

03

How this fits with other research

Hall et al. (1968) used group prizes and games to raise study behavior. Both studies show simple teacher-run rules can flip a whole classroom.

Iwata et al. (1990) and Moxley (1989) worked with preschoolers and proved that if you reinforce a behavior, it shows up. The 1971 study moves the same idea into a real school lesson.

Thiessen et al. (2009) trained adults with a manual and a small bonus. Their work shows you can teach people to run tight contingencies like the play-area rule.

04

Why it matters

You can set up a quick completion rule instead of policing each desk. One cue—"Work done, then play"—boosts work and frees you to teach the strugglers. Try it next session: pick a fun corner, state the rule, and watch both work and attention shift.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Post a clear "Work finished → play area open" sign and let finished students leave immediately.

02At a glance

Intervention
other
Design
single case other
Sample size
12
Population
neurotypical
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

A class of twelve third-grade students in a rural school of two grades per teacher was observed to determine the frequency of student-teacher contacts for each student. Requiring each child to go to a play area when he completed his work resulted in changing the distribution of these contacts so that the better students used fewer teacher contacts. In addition, the number of completed assignments of all students increased and data are presented which imply that the poorer students of the class received more of the teacher's available time than previously. The application of this procedure to special pupil populations would probably be very useful. A number of advantages and limitations of the procedure are described.

Journal of applied behavior analysis, 1971 · doi:10.1901/jaba.1971.4-157