Practitioner Development

Training healthcare professionals to discriminate between examples and non‐examples of racial microaggressions

Romani et al. (2024) · Behavioral Interventions 2024
★ The Verdict

Tiny online rewards plus feedback quickly teach hospital staff to spot racial microaggressions.

✓ Read this if BCBAs who train hospital or clinic staff on cultural skills.
✗ Skip if Practitioners looking for long-term maintenance data—this study only checked immediate improvement.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Romani et al. (2024) taught hospital workers to spot racial microaggressions. They used an online survey that gave points for right answers and short feedback after each item.

Staff took the same 20-item test before and after the brief training. No control group was used.

02

What they found

Scores went up from the first test to the second. Workers got better at telling real microaggressions from harmless comments.

The combo of tiny rewards plus feedback worked as a quick teaching tool.

03

How this fits with other research

McCulloch et al. (2020) ran a nearly identical online pre-post study with direct-care staff. They found feedback added no extra gain to the basic online module. Romani’s positive result seems to clash until you see the tasks: spotting unsafe eating is easier than spotting subtle racial slights. The harder skill may need the extra feedback.

Shapiro et al. (2017) reviewed 24 staff-training papers and flagged feedback as a key piece. Romani’s study is a live example of that recipe, just squeezed into a five-minute survey.

Friedman et al. (2024) also tested a 2024 pre-post package on ABA professionals, but they used long coaching calls instead of quick points. Both saw gains, showing the method can scale from a micro-learning burst to a four-month program.

04

Why it matters

You can build a three-minute micro-learning survey today. Drop in five microaggression scenarios, award a point for each correct pick, and give one line of feedback. Send it to your team between shifts. It costs nothing and may cut biased remarks that hurt client trust.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Email your team a five-question survey: right answers earn a star emoji and a short feedback line.

02At a glance

Intervention
differential reinforcement
Design
pre post no control
Sample size
26
Population
not specified
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

AbstractPresident Bill Clinton's Race Advisory Board (1998) discussed racism as being nearly invisible to Americans, and White Americans are often unaware of their role in perpetuating racism today. Microaggressions are a common type of racism that take the form of denigrating comments toward those of racial minority groups (Sue et al., 2007). While often unintentional or unconsciously used, microaggressions adversely affect today's society. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate a differential reinforcement with feedback intervention to facilitate discrimination between examples and non‐examples of microaggressions among healthcare workers employed by a tertiary hospital setting. We recruited 26 healthcare workers to complete three surveys via a Qualtrics survey. Baseline data showed moderately high, but variable, accuracy in discriminating examples and non‐examples of microaggressions. Following the reinforcement plus feedback intervention, participants' accurate discrimination between (non‐) examples of microaggressions increased. We will discuss these results in terms of using behavior‐analytic procedures to effectively teach what constitutes microaggressive acts that negatively impact people of color.

Behavioral Interventions, 2024 · doi:10.1002/bin.2013