Practitioner Development

An Evaluation of Static versus Variable Antecedents on Employee Performance

Warman et al. (2019) · Journal of Organizational Behavior Management 2019
★ The Verdict

Swap in a fresh, funny sign each day—static posters stop working.

✓ Read this if BCBAs who manage staff in clinics, schools, or residential homes.
✗ Skip if Those who already run dense, multi-component OBM packages with feedback and incentives.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Warman et al. (2019) compared two kinds of reminder signs at work. One sign stayed the same every day. The other sign changed daily and used humor.

They used an alternating-treatments design. Staff saw either the static sign or the funny, changing sign on different days. The team measured how often workers followed two posted rules.

02

What they found

Daily-changing humorous signs won. Staff followed the rules more often on days when the sign was fresh and funny.

Static signs lost power quickly. After a few views, workers stopped noticing them.

03

How this fits with other research

Phillabaum et al. (2023) also used a visual poster, but they added peer comparison data. Both studies show that a simple posted cue can lift staff performance, yet Warman proves novelty and humor alone can work without graphs or rankings.

Goings et al. (2019) combined feedback, public posting, and incentives in a package. Their strong gains might look like a contradiction to Warman’s lighter touch, but the settings differ. Goings targeted classroom organization that needed big change, while Warman focused on quick compliance tasks where a joke was enough.

Burgio et al. (1991) had delivery drivers make their own reminder signs and saw seat-belt use double. Warman extends this idea: employee-relevant humor, rotated daily, keeps the prompt effective over time.

04

Why it matters

You can boost staff compliance tomorrow with a marker and a joke. Write today’s reminder, add a funny line, and post it. Swap it for a new joke the next day. This zero-cost tactic beats leaving the same faded notice on the wall. Use it for hand-washing, data-sheet return, or tidying client areas. Keep the laughs coming and the behavior stays up.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Write a one-sentence reminder plus a joke on an index card, tape it by the time clock, and replace it every morning.

02At a glance

Intervention
other
Design
alternating treatments
Population
not specified
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

Antecedent-only interventions are commonplace in the natural environment. For example, it is not uncommon for “do not enter” signs to mark areas where the public is not welcome. Two experiments were designed to evaluate whether changing posted signs daily was effective in increasing staff responding relative to a static sign condition. In Experiment one, signs were used to remind employees to sign children out to a playground. In Experiment two, signs were used to remind employees to clock students in and out of work. In both experiments, signs that changed daily and delivered the message in a humorous manner were more effective than signs that remained constant. These data suggest a method to increase the effectiveness of signs when used in a stable population.

Journal of Organizational Behavior Management, 2019 · doi:10.1080/01608061.2019.1666775