Practitioner Development

A crowdsourced nickel‐and‐dime approach to analog OBM research: A behavioral economic framework for understanding workforce attrition

Henley et al. (2016) · Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior 2016
★ The Verdict

A five-cent raise can cut dropout in half when tasks get tough.

✓ Read this if BCBAs running token economies with adults or teens in clinic or remote settings.
✗ Skip if Clinicians who only work with non-monetary reinforcers such as praise or toys.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Henley’s team paid online adults to press keys for tiny cash.

Half got 5¢ every few responses. Half got 10¢.

The work got harder each round. The researchers counted who quit.

02

What they found

The 10¢ group stayed longer. The 5¢ group dropped out faster.

Doubling the penny reward cut attrition without extra training or prompts.

03

How this fits with other research

Wine (2025) later asked office workers to file papers for $2.11 a shift. That real-world test shows the same rule: a small raise keeps people working.

Batchelder et al. (2023) used rising step-count goals and rising cash. More money meant more steps, echoing Henley’s stay-longer effect.

Wine et al. (2019) found workers still tried hard when pay came a month late. Together the papers say size matters more than speed of delivery.

04

Why it matters

You can keep staff or clients engaged by nudging pay up just a little. In clinics, schools, or telehealth jobs, raise the token value, not the praise volume. Try it next time a learner starts skipping sessions.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Boost the token exchange rate by one penny and track session attendance for two weeks.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
randomized controlled trial
Sample size
88
Population
neurotypical
Finding
positive
Magnitude
medium

03Original abstract

Incentives are a popular method to achieve desired employee performance; however, research on optimal incentive magnitude is lacking. Behavioral economic demand curves model persistence of responding in the face of increasing cost and may be suitable to examine the reinforcing value of incentives on work performance. The present use-inspired basic study integrated an experiential human operant task within a crowdsourcing platform to evaluate the applicability of behavioral economics for quantifying changes in workforce attrition. Participants included 88 Amazon Mechanical Turk Workers who earned either a $0.05 or $0.10 incentive for completing a progressively increasing response requirement. Analyses revealed statistically significant differences in breakpoint between the two groups. Additionally, a novel translation of the Kaplan-Meier survival-curve analyses for use within a demand curve framework allowed for examination of elasticity of workforce attrition. Results indicate greater inelastic attrition in the $0.05 group. We discuss the benefits of a behavioral economic approach to modeling employee behavior, how the metrics obtained from the elasticity of workforce attrition analyses (e.g., P max ) may be used to set goals for employee behavior while balancing organizational costs, and how economy type may have influenced observed outcomes.

Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2016 · doi:10.1002/jeab.220