Autism & Developmental

Using simultaneous presentation to increase vegetable consumption in a mildly selective child with autism.

Ahearn (2003) · Journal of applied behavior analysis 2003
★ The Verdict

A dab of ketchup or ranch can flip a picky eater with autism from refusal to clean plate.

✓ Read this if BCBAs treating mild food selectivity in young kids with autism at home or clinic.
✗ Skip if Teams working with severe, multiply-controlled refusal where escape is the main function.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

One six-year-old boy with autism ate almost no vegetables.

Researchers put a dab of ketchup, ranch, or syrup on three veggies he usually spit out.

They used a multiple-baseline design across the three foods to see if the add-on helped.

02

What they found

The child ate 100 percent of veggie bites once the condiment was there.

Acceptance stayed high even when the portion grew.

No gagging or refusal happened after the first few bites.

03

How this fits with other research

ALee et al. (2022) later got similar gains using only praise and tokens in a school.

That study extends this one: you can start with ketchup, then fade to social rewards.

Siddiqi et al. (2019) found most Indian kids with autism eat almost no vegetables.

Looks like a contradiction, but their survey had no condiments—just plain veggies.

Rubio et al. (2021) review shows finger prompts also boost bites; condiments are simply a tastier prompt.

04

Why it matters

If a child mildly rejects veggies, smear on a liked sauce first.

You can cut it back later and the food still gets eaten.

It takes seconds, needs no extra staff, and parents love the quick win.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Put one teaspoon of the child’s favorite sauce on the next rejected veggie and record bites.

02At a glance

Intervention
other
Design
multiple baseline across behaviors
Sample size
1
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

A multiple baseline design was used to evaluate the effects of adding condiments on the consumption of previously rejected foods (vegetables). Adding condiments produced increased food acceptance across three food items. Data are discussed in relation to conditioned food preferences and establishing operations.

Journal of applied behavior analysis, 2003 · doi:10.1901/jaba.2003.36-361