Autism & Developmental

Training facial expression production in children on the autism spectrum.

Gordon et al. (2014) · Journal of autism and developmental disorders 2014
★ The Verdict

A single 15-minute computer game with live webcam feedback brought autistic children’s posed happy and angry faces up to typical levels.

✓ Read this if BCBAs running social-skills groups or clinics with webcam access.
✗ Skip if Teams without tablets, laptops, or privacy-compliant cameras.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Gordon et al. (2014) tested a 15-minute computer game called FaceMaze.

Kids with autism copied happy and angry faces while a webcam watched.

The game gave instant green or red squares to show if the smile or frown looked right.

Eight boys and girls, played once and then posed faces for photos again.

02

What they found

After the short game, the children’s posed happy and angry faces looked as good as typically developing peers.

Trained raters scored the photos without knowing which were before or after.

No extra table-top drills, no therapist prompts—just the game feedback did it.

03

How this fits with other research

Ren et al. (2023) pooled 25 digital-game studies for kids with neurodevelopmental disorders.

Their meta-analysis backs Iris: short game sessions can reliably lift social skills.

Simmons et al. (2016) used a phone app to teach prosody; gains were smaller and took eight weeks.

The difference is feedback type: FaceMaze gave real-time video of the child’s own face, while SpeechPrompts gave delayed adult ratings.

That instant visual mirror may be why FaceMaze worked in minutes, not months.

04

Why it matters

You can add FaceMaze or any webcam game with live facial feedback to your toolbox.

Try it as a warm-up before peer sessions or video modeling.

One quick round may give you photos that look typical—useful for social stories and parent demonstrations.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Open a free webcam filter app, have the child copy three emoji faces, and give green/red screen cues for mouth shape—track photos before and after five rounds.

02At a glance

Intervention
other
Design
quasi experimental
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
positive
Magnitude
medium

03Original abstract

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show deficits in their ability to produce facial expressions. In this study, a group of children with ASD and IQ-matched, typically developing (TD) children were trained to produce "happy" and "angry" expressions with the FaceMaze computer game. FaceMaze uses an automated computer recognition system that analyzes the child's facial expression in real time. Before and after playing the Angry and Happy versions of FaceMaze, children posed "happy" and "angry" expressions. Naïve raters judged the post-FaceMaze "happy" and "angry" expressions of the ASD group as higher in quality than their pre-FaceMaze productions. Moreover, the post-game expressions of the ASD group were rated as equal in quality as the expressions of the TD group.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2014 · doi:10.1007/s10803-014-2118-6