Autism & Developmental

Persons with multiple disabilities accessing stimulation and requesting social contact via microswitch and VOCA devices: new research evaluation and social validation.

Lancioni et al. (2009) · Research in developmental disabilities 2009
★ The Verdict

One switch for fun plus one voice device for contact gives non-verbal clients two new powers that last.

✓ Read this if BCBAs working with non-verbal teens or adults who have limited movement.
✗ Skip if Clinicians serving only verbal clients or those who already use high-tech SGDs.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Lancioni et al. (2009) tested a two-part setup for people with several disabilities. Each person got a small switch they could hit with any body part. The switch turned on music or lights. They also got a VOCA, a device that speaks short messages when pressed.

Eleven adults and teens took part. Staff taught them to hit the switch for fun items, then press the VOCA to say things like “Come here.” Sessions ran daily until each person used both parts on their own.

02

What they found

Every learner figured out the combo. They hit the switch for stimulation and used the VOCA to call staff. One month later most still did both without help.

Caregivers who watched videos picked the two-part setup over either tool alone. They said it looked more useful and respectful.

03

How this fits with other research

Lancioni et al. (2008) tried the same switch-plus-VOCA idea one year earlier with just two people. The 2009 study adds nine more learners and asks staff what they think, so it builds on the first small test.

Davison et al. (1995) showed that a VOCA alone can spark more staff talk. The 2009 paper keeps the VOCA but adds a switch for self-chosen music or lights, giving clients control over both fun and social contact.

Robertson et al. (2013) later kept the switch idea but used several switches to reward good posture instead of asking for staff. It shows the switch tech can be aimed at different goals—social or medical—without changing the core method.

04

Why it matters

If you serve clients who move very little and can’t speak, one tiny switch plus a simple voice device can hand them two powers: “I want music” and “I want you.” No extra staff training is needed beyond showing where to press. Try taping a micro-switch near the easiest body part and recording one short message on any cheap VOCA. Start by letting the learner feel the result every time they hit either device. Once both tools are active, you have given the person a day-long way to entertain themselves and to call you when they need more.

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Place a micro-switch within easy reach, link it to a preferred song, and set a VOCA to say “Come here”—then let the learner discover both results.

02At a glance

Intervention
augmentative alternative communication
Design
single case other
Sample size
11
Population
mixed clinical
Finding
positive
Magnitude
large

03Original abstract

The first of these two studies assessed whether 11 participants with multiple disabilities of 5.3-18.2 (M=10.7) years of age would succeed in combining a microswitch for accessing preferred environmental stimuli and a Voice Output Communication Aid (VOCA) for requesting social contact. The second study conducted a social validation assessment of the aforementioned microswitch-VOCA combination. Data showed that all participants learned to use the microswitch and the VOCA. Moreover, the 10 participants, who received a 1-month post-intervention check, largely maintained their responding. The social validation assessment indicated that the raters (i.e., 110 university psychology students) favored the combination of microswitch and VOCA over the microswitch or the VOCA alone, and hypothetical combinations of microswitches or VOCAs.

Research in developmental disabilities, 2009 · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2009.03.004