Autism & Developmental

Enabling two persons with multiple disabilities to access environmental stimuli and ask for social contact through microswitches and a VOCA.

Lancioni et al. (2008) · Research in developmental disabilities 2008
★ The Verdict

Pair microswitches with a VOCA so clients with severe disabilities can both self-access stimuli and request caregiver attention.

✓ Read this if BCBAs working with non-verbal clients in day programs or residential homes.
✗ Skip if Clinicians whose clients already use high-tech eye-gaze devices.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Two adults with severe disabilities got two microswitches and a VOCA. One switch played music or lights. The other switch made the VOCA say "Come here, please."

Staff watched each session. They recorded how often the clients pressed each switch and how often they used the VOCA.

02

What they found

Both clients learned to hit the switches and use the VOCA. They kept using all three tools when the gear stayed in reach.

The VOCA let them ask for staff attention without crying or grabbing.

03

How this fits with other research

Lancioni et al. (2009) ran the same setup one year later with eleven clients. Everyone learned the skills and still had them a month later. Social judges liked the combo better than either tool alone.

Sigafoos et al. (2004) taught VOCA only for fixing broken chats. Their clients had milder needs. The 2008 study shows VOCA also works when you pair it with microswitches for people who have almost no movement.

Shih et al. (2012) swapped the microswitches for Wii Balance Boards. Two clients earned music by stepping together. Same idea—body action gives you fun stuff—but now the action is collaborative.

04

Why it matters

If you serve clients who can’t speak or reach far, give them two easy switches plus a cheap VOCA. One switch feeds their sensory need right away. The other switch calls you when they want company. You cut problem behavior and give them real control.

Free CEUs

Want CEUs on This Topic?

The ABA Clubhouse has 60+ free CEUs — live every Wednesday. Ethics, supervision & clinical topics.

Join Free →
→ Action — try this Monday

Tape a big-button switch to the tray, load a VOCA with one phrase, and let the client press for music or staff.

02At a glance

Intervention
augmentative alternative communication
Design
single case other
Sample size
2
Population
mixed clinical
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

This study assessed the combination of two microswitches with a voice output communication aid (VOCA) with two persons (an adolescent and a young adult) with multiple disabilities. The microswitches allowed the participants to obtain direct access to preferred environmental stimuli; the VOCA enabled them to ask for caregiver's attention. Initially, the participants were taught to use each of the two microswitches individually and then together. Next, they were taught to use the VOCA and, eventually, this was available together with the microswitches. Results showed that the participants learned to operate the microswitches and the VOCA and used all three of them consistently when they were simultaneously available. Implications of these findings and the potential role of a VOCA combined with conventional microswitches were discussed.

Research in developmental disabilities, 2008 · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2006.10.001