Autism & Developmental

Multiple peer use of pivotal response training to increase social behaviors of classmates with autism: results from trained and untrained peers.

Pierce et al. (1997) · Journal of applied behavior analysis 1997
★ The Verdict

Train several typical classmates in PRT to boost social interactions for students with autism during everyday school activities.

✓ Read this if BCBAs working with elementary students with autism in inclusive classrooms.
✗ Skip if Clinicians serving only non-verbal preschoolers or one-to-one home cases.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Adkins et al. (1997) asked typical classmates to run PRT sessions during regular school time.

Two students with autism joined the class. The researchers taught several peers to give clear choices, wait for the child to speak, and praise any social move.

They tracked how often the children with autism talked or played with anyone before, during, and after the peer training.

02

What they found

Both students with autism started talking and playing more right away.

The gains stuck even when new, untrained classmates joined the group.

No extra adult prompts were needed once the peer routine was in place.

03

How this fits with other research

Weitz (1982) did the first classroom test of peer tutoring for social skills. That study used simple praise and candy. K et al. swapped the candy for PRT turns and choices, showing the idea still works with cleaner, more natural steps.

Matson et al. (2008) later added self-monitoring to the same peer setup. They cut stereotypy while keeping the social boost, proving you can layer extra tools on top of peer PRT.

Lerman et al. (1995) used peer-delivered scripts instead of PRT. Both papers show peers can carry the teaching load, but K et al. kept the play loose and still got strong generalization.

04

Why it matters

You can hand the teaching job to the class. Pick three willing peers, give them a 20-minute PRT crash course, and let them run short play blocks. Track one social behavior you want more of. When the peer team hits steady gains, fade yourself out. The child with autism gets daily practice, you free up staff time, and the whole room learns to include.

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Pick two peers, model the PRT choice and wait steps, then have them run a five-minute play block while you data-track one social initiation.

02At a glance

Intervention
pivotal response treatment
Design
multiple baseline across participants
Sample size
10
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

Two children with autism and 8 typical peers participated in a study designed to replicate an earlier finding of successful social-skills intervention for children with autism using peer-implemented pivotal response training (PRT) and to assess the effects of using multiple peer trainers on generalization of treatment effects. During training, peers were taught PRT strategies using didactic instruction, modeling, role playing, and feedback. After treatment, children with autism engaged in increased levels of social behavior.

Journal of applied behavior analysis, 1997 · doi:10.1901/jaba.1997.30-157