Autism & Developmental

Mothers of children with developmental disabilities: stress in early and middle childhood.

Azad et al. (2013) · Research in developmental disabilities 2013
★ The Verdict

Mom stress stays flat in early childhood then declines unevenly—target kids’ behavioral problems to ease that stress drop in middle childhood.

✓ Read this if BCBAs running parent training or home programs for school-age kids with developmental delays.
✗ Skip if Clinicians who only treat infants or typically-developing children.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Azad et al. (2013) tracked moms of kids with developmental delays. They asked how stress rose or fell from early childhood into the middle years.

The team looked at child behavior problems and mom stress at two points. They wanted to see who stayed stressed and who got relief.

02

What they found

Stress stayed high and flat while the kids were little. After that, it dropped, but not for every mom.

Kids with more behavior problems kept their moms stressed longer. When those problems eased, mom stress eased too.

03

How this fits with other research

Koegel et al. (2014) saw no drop in stress for moms of kids with autism. Gazi’s mixed-DD group did decline, so autism may keep stress stuck longer.

Lancioni et al. (2006) found stress climbs steadily for moms of kids with Down syndrome. Gazi shows stress can fall for other delays, giving a fuller picture.

Scibelli et al. (2021) link teen behavior problems to high mom stress. Gazi saw the same link years earlier, showing the pattern starts young and lasts.

04

Why it matters

You can’t assume mom stress will fade as the child grows. Watch behavior problems closely in middle childhood. When you cut those behaviors, you give moms their first real drop in stress.

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Graph each mom’s stress score next to her child’s top three behavior targets; update both graphs monthly and celebrate any dip in behavior with the parent.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
other
Sample size
219
Population
developmental delay
Finding
mixed

03Original abstract

Using a sample of 219 families of children with (n=94) and without (n=125) developmental disabilities, this study examined the longitudinal perspectives of maternal stress in early (ages 3-5) and middle childhood (ages 6-13) and its relationship to mothers' and children's characteristics. Multivariate latent curve models indicated that maternal stress remained high and stable with minimal individual variation in early childhood, but declined with significant individual variation in middle childhood. Maternal stress at the beginning of middle childhood was associated with earlier maternal stress, as well as children's behavioral problems and social skills. The trajectory of maternal stress across middle childhood was related to children's behavioral problems. Implications for interventions are discussed.

Research in developmental disabilities, 2013 · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2013.07.009