Autism & Developmental

Family Quality of Life and Its Correlates Among Parents of Children and Adults With Intellectual Disability.

Boehm et al. (2019) · American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilities 2019
★ The Verdict

Strong social networks and spiritual supports predict better family quality of life for parents of individuals with intellectual disability.

✓ Read this if BCBAs writing family support plans or supervising in-home programs.
✗ Skip if Clinicians who only run center-based 1:1 sessions with no parent contact.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Titlestad et al. (2019) asked parents of children and adults with intellectual disability to fill out a survey. The survey measured family quality of life and asked about social ties, faith, and support services.

The team wanted to know which everyday factors go hand-in-hand with higher family quality of life.

02

What they found

Parents reported moderate to high family quality of life. The strongest boosts came from two places: warm informal ties (family and friends) and steady formal ties (therapists, teachers, clergy).

Spirituality or religiosity also linked to better scores.

03

How this fits with other research

The result lines up with Grindle et al. (2012), an earlier survey that found emotional support matters more than money. It also echoes Gur et al. (2024), who showed that lowering parent loneliness raises family resilience through better FQOL.

Alnahdi et al. (2025) asked Arab mothers the same questions and got a twist: those moms scored lowest on emotional wellbeing, not on support from others. The gap shows culture can shift which domain drags the overall score down.

Schertz et al. (2016) looked at Israeli families and saw higher religiosity linked to lower FQOL, while L et al. found the opposite. The clash is only on the surface: Mitchell studied ultra-orthodox families facing extra caregiving strain, while L et al. sampled a broader mix where faith acted as a buffer, not a burden.

04

Why it matters

You can lift family quality of life without spending a dime. Start a parent peer circle, invite siblings to sessions, or loop in clergy if the family values faith. While you track skill goals, also ask: Who can mom call at 9 p.m.? One new informal contact may do more for home morale than another hour of table-top drills.

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Add one question to your parent check-in: 'Who outside this team can you lean on this week?' If the answer is no one, brainstorm a relative, neighbor, or support group to call before your next visit.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
survey
Sample size
529
Population
intellectual disability
Finding
positive
Magnitude
medium

03Original abstract

All families, including those impacted by disability, desire and deserve opportunities for high quality of life. This study focused on family quality of life (FQOL) among 529 parents with children or adults with intellectual disability (ID). Parents reported moderate to high levels of FQOL satisfaction, with some variability across domains. We conducted hierarchical linear regression analyses to examine associations among FQOL and: (1) individual and family demographic factors, (2) religiosity/spirituality factors, and (3) relationship factors. Findings highlighted the significance of both informal (i.e., family, friends) and formal (i.e., professional) social relationships, as well as the relevance of spirituality/religiosity, as factors contributing to FQOL. We offer recommendations for research and practice aimed at enhancing FQOL of parents with children and adults who have ID.

American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilities, 2019 · doi:10.1352/1944-7558-124.2.99