Autism & Developmental

Brief report: compliance and noncompliance to parental control strategies in children with high-functioning autism and their typical peers.

Bryce et al. (2013) · Journal of autism and developmental disorders 2013
★ The Verdict

Kids with high-functioning autism obey less when commands are hints—use direct words.

✓ Read this if BCBAs training parents of school-age kids with high-functioning autism.
✗ Skip if Clinicians already using strict direct-command protocols with no parent coaching role.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

The team watched kids with high-functioning autism and typical kids play with their moms.

Moms gave two kinds of commands: direct (“Put the truck here”) and indirect (“Let’s put the truck here”).

The researchers counted how often each child obeyed right after each type of command.

02

What they found

Kids with autism obeyed indirect commands far less than typical kids.

Direct commands worked about the same for both groups.

The gap showed up only when moms hinted instead of stating the request plainly.

03

How this fits with other research

Hansen et al. (2019) and McConkey et al. (1999) show you can boost compliance with tricks like high-probability sequences or gentle physical guidance.

Those studies tested treatments; Glazemakers et al. (2013) simply shows the baseline problem is real.

Fujiura et al. (2018) extends the same idea to home life: parents of kids with autism already feel more barriers, so unclear commands may add one more.

Together the papers say: start with clear, direct instructions first, then layer on high-p or guided compliance if needed.

04

Why it matters

Next time you coach parents, tell them to drop hints and use plain, direct language.

One small wording change—say “Put your shoes on” instead of “Let’s get ready”—can prevent a non-compliance episode before it starts.

Free CEUs

Want CEUs on This Topic?

The ABA Clubhouse has 60+ free CEUs — live every Wednesday. Ethics, supervision & clinical topics.

Join Free →
→ Action — try this Monday

Count how many indirect commands you or parents use in the first 10 minutes—then reword them into direct instructions.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
case control
Sample size
40
Population
autism spectrum disorder, neurotypical
Finding
negative
Magnitude
small

03Original abstract

The present study examined children's compliance and noncompliance behaviors in response to parental control strategies in 20 children with high-functioning autism (HFA) and 20 matched typically-developing children. Observational coding was used to measure child compliance (committed, situational), noncompliance (passive, defiance, self-assertion, negotiation) and parent control strategies (commands, reprimands, positive incentives, reasoning, bargaining) in a clean-up task. Sequential analyses were conducted to identify parent behaviors that temporally predicted child compliance or noncompliance. Children with HFA were significantly more noncompliant and less compliant immediately following parents' indirect commands than typically-developing children, even after controlling for receptive language. These results add to the existing literature on the efficacy of control strategies for children with autism, and have important implications for caregiver interventions.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2013 · doi:10.1007/s10803-012-1564-2