Brief Report: A Novel Digital Therapeutic that Combines Applied Behavior Analysis with Gaze-Contingent Eye Tracking to Improve Emotion Recognition in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.
A short ABA video game that rewards kids for looking at eyes boosts emotion recognition scores more than control games.
01Research in Context
What this study did
Researchers built a short video game called Lookware. Kids look at faces on screen. The game watches their eyes with a camera.
When the child looks at the right spot, the game gives points and cheers. ABA prompts and praise are baked in.
What they found
Children who played the game scored higher on emotion tests than kids who played a non-ABA game.
Parents and kids said the game was fun and easy to use.
How this fits with other research
Ryan et al. (2010) taught emotion skills with small-group lessons and got huge gains. Sosnowski et al. (2022) show the same goal can be hit faster and cheaper with a screen.
Miller et al. (2022) looked at 24 game studies and found only small benefits. This new game beats that average because it mixes real-time eye feedback with ABA, not just play.
Wan et al. (2023) also blended games with behavioral training in preschool classrooms. Both papers find the combo works; one uses tabletop games, the other a laptop and eye tracker.
Why it matters
You can add a 15-minute gaze-contingent game to your session instead of extra table work. No extra staff, no flashcards. The child’s eyes trigger rewards, so progress is quick and data are automatic. Try it during break time or as a warm-up.
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02At a glance
03Original abstract
This study examined the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of a video game-based digital therapeutic combining applied behavior analysis techniques and gaze-contingent eye tracking to target emotion recognition in youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Children aged 4-14 years with ASD were randomized to complete Lookware™ (n = 25) or a control video game (n = 29). Results from a 2 × 2 mixed ANOVA revealed that children in the intervention condition demonstrated significant improvements in emotion recognition from pre- to post-intervention compared to children in the control condition, F(1,52) = 17.48, p < 0.001. Children and staff perceived high feasibility and acceptability of Lookware™. Study results demonstrated the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of Lookware™.
Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2022 · doi:10.1007/s10803-021-05101-w