Using Nvivo to Analyze the Impact of Computer Simulation of Parent-Child Cooperative Art Activities on the Growth of Preschool Children.

En et al. built a new five-part parent questionnaire. It asks how preschoolers see parent-child conflict. The team ran factor analysis to check the scale holds together. They report reliability numbers but no outcome data.

The five factors came out clean. Internal consistency was acceptable. The authors say the tool is ready for use, but they do not link it to any child behavior changes.

McIntyre et al. (2017) did the same kind of work. They made a short parent checklist for joint attention in preschoolers with ASD. Both studies use parent report and factor analysis, so your toolbox now has two quick scales that are built the same way.

Tyler et al. (2021) looked at conflict from the other side. They watched kids react to real parent arguments. They found children with ASD feel more negative emotion. En’s new scale can now capture the child’s view before problems grow, while V shows why that early look matters.

Rosencrans et al. (2020) muddied the water. They saw that parent-reported coparenting conflict predicted child problems, but lab-coded coparenting did not. The take-home: ask parents, don’t just watch. En’s parent-child conflict scale follows the same rule—parent report gives the clearest signal.

You now have a free, five-minute scale that maps how preschoolers see conflict with mom or dad. Use it during intake to spot risk early, then pair it with joint-attention or coparenting tools to plan parent coaching. No extra training, no kit to buy—just print and ask.