Assessment & Research

Using an Extended Dynamic Drag-and-Drop Assistive Program to assist people with multiple disabilities and minimal motor control to improve computer Drag-and-Drop ability through a mouse wheel.

Shih (2012) · Research in developmental disabilities 2012
★ The Verdict

A mouse-wheel poke interface (EDDnDAP) lets kids with minimal motor control master free-destination drag-and-drop in about six weeks.

✓ Read this if BCBAs working with students who have severe motor limits and need computer access.
✗ Skip if BCBAs whose clients already use eye-gaze or head-mouse systems.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Two teens with severe motor limits and developmental delay practiced drag-and-drop on a computer.

They could only poke the mouse wheel. The team built EDDnDAP software that turns each wheel poke into a drag step.

Training ran six to seven weeks in a multiple-baseline design.

02

What they found

Both teens learned to drag items anywhere on the screen. Their speed and accuracy stayed high after training ended.

The gains were large and lasted.

03

How this fits with other research

Shih (2011) used the first version, DDnDAP, but only let users drop in fixed slots. The 2012 study upgrades to free-destination moves.

Shih et al. (2009) showed wheel-poke works for pointing. The new paper keeps the same poke motion and adds drag-and-drop steps.

Shih (2014) later moved the poke idea to typing. Together these papers form a clear line: one tiny finger motion can run three computer tasks.

04

Why it matters

If a client can bump a mouse wheel, you can give them full drag-and-drop control in about six weeks. No extra hardware is needed—just free software. Try it next session: load EDDnDAP, set a fun picture-sort game, and let the wheel poke be the drag button.

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Download EDDnDAP, plug in any mouse, and let the client practice dragging icons to a trash can using wheel pokes.

02At a glance

Intervention
other
Design
multiple baseline across participants
Sample size
2
Population
developmental delay
Finding
positive
Magnitude
large

03Original abstract

Software technology is adopted by the current research to improve the Drag-and-Drop abilities of two people with multiple disabilities and minimal motor control. This goal was realized through a Dynamic Drag-and-Drop Assistive Program (DDnDAP) in which the complex dragging process is replaced by simply poking the mouse wheel and clicking. However, DDnDAP has one limitation--users cannot freely define their desired destinations because the program only allows for the dragging of targets to fixed destinations. This study evaluated whether two children with developmental disabilities and minimal motor control would be able to improve their DnD performance through an Extended Dynamic Drag-and-Drop Assistive Program (EDDnDAP), which improves on the aforementioned limitation of DDnDAP. A multiple probe design across participants was used in this study to assess the effects of using EDDnDAP in enhancing participants' DnD abilities. Participants typically received three 20-min EDDnDAP training sessions per week, for a period of about 6-7 weeks. Both participants significantly improved their DnD efficiency with the help of EDDnDAP, and both remained highly successful through the maintenance phase. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Research in developmental disabilities, 2012 · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2011.10.024