Assessment & Research

The alliance of adaptive behavior and social competence: an examination of relationship between the scales of Independent Behavior and the Social Skills Rating System.

Merrell et al. (1994) · Research in developmental disabilities 1994
★ The Verdict

SIB and SSRS overlap enough to trust both for quick K-3 screening, yet they each add unique data.

✓ Read this if BCBAs doing initial assessments in public school K-3 rooms.
✗ Skip if Clinicians who only serve infants or adults.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

The team gave two checklists to elementary students with disabilities. One was the Scales of Independent Behavior. It tracks daily living skills like brushing teeth or using the bus. The other was the Social Skills Rating System. It tracks skills like sharing or following directions.

They wanted to see if scores on the two forms move together. If they do, both tools are likely measuring related parts of real life.

02

What they found

The numbers lined up in the middle range. Higher adaptive scores went with higher social scores. This match gives you confidence that both tools are valid for K-3 students with disabilities.

03

How this fits with other research

Wang et al. (2011) later asked the same question in preschoolers with autism. They still found good reliability, but warned the SSRS may miss small day-to-day changes after you start teaching.

Levin et al. (2014) looked at three autism severity tools in preschoolers. They saw only partial overlap, much like the middle-range links found here.

Wanchisen et al. (1989) compared two older adaptive scales in autistic youth. They also found solid concurrent validity, setting the stage for this newer SIB-SSRS pairing.

04

Why it matters

You can feel safe using either the SIB or the SSRS for first-round screening in early elementary grades. If a child scores low on one, check the other domain before writing goals. The moderate link means you are not double-testing, but you are also not missing a gap.

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Pick one low SIB item and one low SSRS item for the same child and teach them together in the next session.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
other
Sample size
208
Population
mixed clinical
Finding
positive
Magnitude
medium

03Original abstract

This study examined the relationship between ratings of adaptive behavior and social competence in a population of 208 students in kindergarten through third grade with a variety of disabilities using the Scales of Independent Behavior (SIB; Bruininks, Woodcock, Weatherman, & Hill, 1984) and the Social Skills Rating System (SSRS; Gresham & Elliott, 1990). Moderate yet statistically significant relationships between the SIB adaptive behavior scores and the SSRS social competence scores were found, with strongest correlations occurring between the SSRS and the Social and Communication subscale (r = .51) and Work Skills subscale (r = .60) on the SIB. Weak to near zero correlations were found between the SIB adaptive behavior scores and SSRS Problem Behaviors scores. This investigation provides new evidence for the concurrent criterion-related validity of both the SIB and the SSRS.

Research in developmental disabilities, 1994 · doi:10.1016/0891-4222(94)90037-x