Assessment & Research

Subjective and objective evaluation of visual functions in dyslexic children with visual perceptual deficiency-Before and after ten-weeks of perceptual training.

Leung et al. (2018) · Research in developmental disabilities 2018
★ The Verdict

Ten weeks of visual-perceptual drills nudged standardized visual scores up in dyslexic 7- to 8-year-olds, yet brain-wave measures stayed flat.

✓ Read this if BCBAs running after-school reading labs or clinic rooms serving dyslexic early readers.
✗ Skip if Practitioners focused on severe developmental disability or older non-readers.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Leung et al. (2018) ran a ten-week visual-perceptual training program with dyslexic 7- to 8-year-olds. They gave the kids standard visual tests and also measured brain waves (VEP) before, right after, and three months later.

The study had no control group; each child served as their own baseline.

02

What they found

After training, the children's scores on the visual-perceptual test went up slightly and stayed higher for three months. However, their brain-wave responses (VEP) did not change at all.

In short: paper test up, brain test flat.

03

How this fits with other research

Tiernan et al. (2022) looked at thirty years of Precision Teaching for reading and found steady, small gains when fluency is tracked daily. Ka-Yan's single jump fits that pattern: brief, targeted practice can lift test scores, but gains are modest without ongoing fluency checks.

Maïonchi-Pino et al. (2012) showed French dyslexic readers still use normal sound cues, just more slowly. That supports Ka-Yan's focus on visual-perceptual speed rather than re-teaching phonemes.

Sanchez-Joya et al. (2017) linked early medical risk to later visual-perceptual problems. Their data remind us to check birth history before we blame dyslexia alone; training may help, but some deficits start earlier.

04

Why it matters

If you work with dyslexic learners, add a quick visual-perceptual screen (TVPS-R or similar). A short, ten-week perceptual block can lift those scores a little, but keep your eye on reading fluency, not brain waves. Pair the perceptual drills with daily timed reading slices so the small visual gain turns into real reading speed.

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Give the TVPS-R, then run five-minute daily visual scanning sheets alongside timed reading passages.

02At a glance

Intervention
other
Design
pre post no control
Sample size
14
Population
other
Finding
mixed
Magnitude
small

03Original abstract

AIMS: This pilot study investigated perceptual and electrophysiological characteristics of dyslexic children, and evaluated the immediate and prolonged effect of visual perceptual training on these characteristics in these children. METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Seven dyslexic children and seven controls aged 7-8 years were recruited and completed this study. All dyslexic children completed 10-weeks of visual perceptual training. The visual perceptual skills were assessed and binocular visual evoked potentials (VEP) were recorded with two different pattern stimulations initially (Baseline), 3 months after the first assessment (Evaluation I) and 6 months after first assessment (Evaluation II). OUTCOMES AND RESULTS: A significant reduction (p = 0.021) in VEP amplitudes in the dyslexic subjects in response to 15 Hz reversal frequency at 15% contrast stimulation was found, compared with controls, prior to perceptual training. A significant correlation (p = 0.005) was found between the VEP amplitude with 15 Hz reversal frequency and the total score of Test of Visual Perceptual Skills (non-motor) - revised (TVPS-R). After training, dyslexic subjects scored higher in some of the visual perceptual tasks and these improvements persisted for 3 months. However, the VEP amplitude in the dyslexics showed no significant change after perceptual training.

Research in developmental disabilities, 2018 · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2018.06.008