Assessment & Research

Self-monitoring of gaze in high functioning autism.

Grynszpan et al. (2012) · Journal of autism and developmental disorders 2012
★ The Verdict

High-functioning clients often lose track of their own gaze; gaze-aware tech can spot and shape face-looking on the fly.

✓ Read this if BCBAs running teen or adult social-skills groups who have access to eye-tracking tablets or smart-glasses.
✗ Skip if Clinicians serving non-verbal or very young children where eye-tracking gear is impractical.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Grynszpan et al. (2012) watched how adults with high-functioning autism move their eyes.

A special lens let the screen react to where each person looked.

The team compared free looking to guided looking to see if the adults noticed their own gaze habits.

02

What they found

The HFASD group did not shift their eyes as much between free and guided scenes.

Longer face-looking linked to better social understanding, even in the same person.

The lens showed real-time gaze, hinting it could also coach where to look.

03

How this fits with other research

Dratsch et al. (2013) saw the same weak gaze detection when adults could not steer the view.

Tsang (2018) added emotion tasks and found the same odd scan paths, showing the issue spans happy, sad, and fearful faces.

Goulardins et al. (2013) coupled gaze with brain waves and still found weak eye-to-brain links, ruling out a simple eye-muscle cause.

04

Why it matters

Your client may not know where their eyes go. A tablet camera or smart-glasses that tint when eyes leave the face can give instant feedback. Start with one familiar peer, set a short face-looking goal, and let the tech show the score.

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Open a free webcam mirror app, set a 5-second face-looking timer, and reward the client each time the dot stays on your eyes.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
case control
Sample size
27
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
negative

03Original abstract

Atypical visual behaviour has been recently proposed to account for much of social misunderstanding in autism. Using an eye-tracking system and a gaze-contingent lens display, the present study explores self-monitoring of eye motion in two conditions: free visual exploration and guided exploration via blurring the visual field except for the focal area of vision. During these conditions, thirteen students with High Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorders (HFASD) and fourteen typical individuals were presented naturalistic and interactive social stimuli using virtual reality. Fixation data showed a weaker modulation of eye movements according to the conditions in the HFASD group, thus suggesting impairments in self-monitoring of gaze. Moreover, the gaze-contingent lens induced a visual behaviour whereby social understanding scores were correlated with the time spent gazing at faces. The device could be useful for treating gaze monitoring deficiencies in HFASD.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2012 · doi:10.1007/s10803-011-1404-9