Assessment & Research

Secretin as a treatment for autism: a review of the evidence.

Esch et al. (2004) · Journal of autism and developmental disorders 2004
★ The Verdict

Secretin has no track record for helping autism—don’t let families spend time or money on it.

✓ Read this if BCBAs who field questions about biomedical cures from parents
✗ Skip if Clinicians only serving adult clients or strictly medical settings

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Connell et al. (2004) hunted for proof that secretin helps kids with autism. They rounded up every placebo-controlled trial on the hormone. Thirteen studies met the bar.

The team compared secretin shots to salt-water shots. They looked at language, behavior, and core autism signs. The review used strict rules to judge each paper.

02

What they found

Twelve of the thirteen trials showed zero edge for secretin over placebo. No study found clear gains in talking, playing, or social skills.

Side effects were mild and equal between groups. The authors label secretin "not recommended."

03

How this fits with other research

Williams et al. (2002) is one of the twelve negative trials pooled in this review. That RCT gave 42 kids either secretin or saline and saw no change on any measure. The review simply widens the lens.

Höfer et al. (2017) and Saral et al. (2023) show families still try many unproven treatments. Their surveys report 28–95% and 88% CAM use, so the myth lives on even after the science says stop.

Senel (2010) found parents felt CAM helped more than it hurt. This seems to clash with E et al.’s cold “no benefit” verdict. The gap is method: parent opinion versus controlled data. Feelings can be positive while objective scores stay flat.

04

Why it matters

Parents still ask about secretin because internet groups praise it. You can now answer with one clear sentence: every good trial says it does nothing. Save families the cost and the needle stick. Shift the talk toward evidence-based language and social interventions that actually move the needle.

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Add secretin to your ‘treatments that don’t work’ handout and show it when parents ask.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
systematic review
Sample size
600
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
negative

03Original abstract

Secretin is used in the United States for diagnosis of pancreatic gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction and disease. Repeated therapeutic use has not been approved. Widespread interest in secretin as a treatment for autism followed media reports of behavioral improvements in an autistic child who received the hormone during a GI diagnostic procedure. International demand for secretin soared in the absence of experimental evidence of its efficacy for autism. This review presents a brief history of secretin's rise to popularity and summarizes research on secretin as a treatment for autism. Seventeen studies are reviewed comparing the effects of secretin forms, dosage levels, and dosing intervals on outcome measures with approximately 600 children. Twelve of 13 placebo-controlled studies failed to demonstrate the differential efficacy of secretin. Implications for advocating treatment in the absence of empirical evidence are discussed.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2004 · doi:10.1007/s10803-004-2549-6