Assessment & Research

On the Prospective Application of Behavioral Momentum Theory and Resurgence as Choice in the Treatment of Problem Behavior: A Brief Review.

Kranak et al. (2025) · Behavioral Sciences 2025
★ The Verdict

Use high-p request sequences and early resurgence probes to keep problem behavior from coming back.

✓ Read this if BCBAs writing treatment plans for kids with severe problem behavior in clinic or home settings.
✗ Skip if Practitioners looking only for brand-new single-case data rather than implementation tips.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Kranak and colleagues wrote a short review paper. They looked at two ideas: Behavioral Momentum Theory and Resurgence as Choice.

The team asked, 'Why aren’t we using these tools before relapse happens?' They searched the literature and summed up what we know.

02

What they found

Most clinicians still wait for problem behavior to return. Then they react. Few plans start with high-p request sequences or test resurgence early.

The review says we already have the science. We just need to use it up front.

03

How this fits with other research

Greer et al. (2019) first drew the Resurgence as Choice map. Kranak et al. (2025) now push clinicians to follow that map before trouble starts.

Greer et al. (2024) recently tested the idea in therapy. They found big cuts in reinforcement early on spark the worst relapse. This real-world case backs up the review’s plea for gradual thinning.

WFrazier et al. (2018) showed FCT plus momentum tools beats plain FCT. The new review wraps this older study into a wider call for proactive design.

Podlesnik et al. (2023) counted fifty years of lab work. Kranak et al. translate that mountain of data into a simple message: use the findings now, not later.

04

Why it matters

You can build momentum and probe for resurgence before the parent sees the first return spike. Start sessions with three quick high-p instructions the child loves. Then slip in the new communication target. Track small upticks in old behavior each week. If responding rises, thin reinforcement slower and add more high-p boosts. This front-loaded plan turns relapse risk into data you control.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Open your current plan and add three easy high-p demands before the first functional request this week.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
narrative review
Finding
not reported

03Original abstract

Behavioral Momentum Theory (BMT) and Resurgence as Choice (RaC) are two theoretical and quantitative models of behavior that, when applied prospectively, might improve behavioral treatments and increase the likelihood of long-term success. Despite the plausible benefit of using BMT and RaC to guide clinical decision-making, it is unclear how frequently these models are prospectively used in practice. We briefly review contemporary research on BMT and RaC as related to the treatment of problem behavior. We discuss potential barriers and solutions to their prospective application, as well as areas for future research.

Behavioral Sciences, 2025 · doi:10.3390/bs15050688