Assessment & Research

Brief report: macrographia in high-functioning adults with autism spectrum disorder.

Beversdorf et al. (2001) · Journal of autism and developmental disorders 2001
★ The Verdict

Adults with autism often write oversized letters, so plan forms, journals, and data sheets with extra space or offer typing.

✓ Read this if BCBAs who have high-functioning teens or adults fill out self-monitoring sheets, job applications, or homework logs.
✗ Skip if Clinicians working only with non-writers or preschoolers who are not yet forming letters.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Beversdorf et al. (2001) watched high-functioning adults with autism write.

They measured letter size and compared it to adults without autism.

Both groups had similar schooling, so education could not explain any difference.

02

What they found

Adults with autism made letters that were clearly bigger.

The larger writing stayed even when the team counted years of school.

This pattern is called macrographia.

03

How this fits with other research

Vos et al. (2013) later saw the same big letters in kids aged 8-14 with autism.

That team added a cause: shaky fine-motor control and extra "neuromotor noise."

Sun et al. (2024) pooled 43 studies and found slower, wobblier arm and hand movements across the autism span, backing up both papers.

Whitehouse et al. (2014) used the same lab style in children with DCD, but they tracked long pauses instead of size, showing handwriting problems are measurable in many ways.

04

Why it matters

If you ask an adult client with autism to fill out a form, expect larger writing.

Give wider-lined paper or let them type so neatness does not block the task.

For kids, add fine-motor warm-ups before handwriting instruction; the motor noise data say the issue is in the arm, not the lesson plan.

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Switch to paper with 1-inch ruled lines or allow a tablet for any written assignment you give to clients with ASD.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
case control
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

The initial description of Asperger syndrome commented on the poor handwriting and motor coordination difficulties of individuals with this condition. Early descriptions of autism do not remark upon such difficulties. Recent evidence, however, suggests that individuals with both conditions have a similar motor control impairment. Handwriting has not been formally assessed in this context. Our study compared handwriting size between individuals with autism spectrum disorder and age- and IQ-matched control subjects. Macrographia was observed among subjects with autism spectrum disorder which remained statistically significant when covaried with educational level. This finding may correlate with the anatomical abnormalities present in the cerebellum of individuals with autism spectrum disorder.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2001 · doi:10.1023/a:1005622031943