Assessment & Research

Brief report: can you see what is not there? low-level auditory-visual integration in autism spectrum disorder.

van der Smagt et al. (2007) · Journal of autism and developmental disorders 2007
★ The Verdict

Basic sound-sight blending is intact in high-functioning ASD; sensory issues lie in later interpretation.

✓ Read this if BCBAs assessing sensory concerns in verbally fluent teens and adults.
✗ Skip if Clinicians serving infants or non-speaking clients with known peripheral hearing or vision loss.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Researchers asked adults with autism and matched controls to watch a silent video. A flash appeared on screen at the same time as zero, one, or two beeps.

If basic sound-sight wiring is off, the beeps should make people "see" extra flashes. This illusion tests the earliest step of sensory blending.

02

What they found

Both groups fell for the trick the same way. High-functioning adults with ASD showed normal low-level auditory-visual integration.

03

How this fits with other research

Erickson et al. (2016) saw the same null result in children, so the intact wiring starts young and stays.

Taylor et al. (2010) looks like a contradiction — they found AV lag in kids. The gap closes by adolescence, so age, not method, drives the difference.

Saalasti et al. (2012) extends the story: adults with ASD fail the McGurk speech illusion even though they pass this basic flash-beep test. The break-down sits upstream in higher-order speech areas, not in early sensory fusion.

04

Why it matters

When a client covers their ears or stares at lights, don't assume their eyes and ears can't sync. Low-level integration is likely fine. Look instead at how they interpret complex sights and sounds like faces, speech, or busy rooms. Target higher-order training such as labeling emotions, predicting sequences, or using visual schedules to clarify meaning, not simple sensory drills.

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Swap single-sensory flash-card drills for activities that pair speech with clear facial cues and explicit meaning cues.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
case control
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
null
Magnitude
negligible

03Original abstract

Patients diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder, show impaired integration of information across different senses. The processing-level from which this impairment originates, however, remains unclear. We investigated low-level integration of auditory and visual stimuli in subjects with Autism Spectrum Disorder. High-functioning adult subjects with Autism Spectrum Disorder as well as age- and IQ-matched adults were tested using a task that evokes illusory visual stimuli, by presenting sounds concurrently with visual flashes. In both groups the number of sounds presented significantly affected the number of flashes perceived, yet there was no difference between groups. This finding implicates that any problems arising from integrating auditory and visual information must stem from higher processing stages in high-functioning adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2007 · doi:10.1007/s10803-006-0346-0