Assessment & Research

Blending as a treatment for feeding disorders: A review of the literature

King et al. (2020) · Behavioral Interventions 2020
★ The Verdict

Blending is a low-restriction way to sneak in new textures, yet only ten small studies back it, so pair it with stronger prompts if progress stalls.

✓ Read this if BCBAs treating kids with autism or developmental delay who refuse most textures.
✗ Skip if Clinicians already using escape-extinction packages with solid data.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

King et al. (2020) looked at every small study that used blending to treat feeding problems.

They found ten single-case reports where therapists mixed new foods into foods the child already liked.

All kids had developmental delays and trouble eating enough textures.

02

What they found

Blending helped some kids accept new textures, but the proof is thin.

Only ten tiny studies exist, so the team says we cannot yet treat blending as a sure thing.

03

How this fits with other research

DeRoma et al. (2004) is one of the ten studies King counted. They showed two children jump from one safe food to sixteen after blended bites were increased in 10 % steps.

Rubio et al. (2021) reviewed physical prompts instead of blending. They found finger prompts work best, while jaw prompts give mixed results. Together the two reviews tell us there is more solid data for guiding the mouth than for hiding food in purées.

LeFrancois et al. (1993) used texture fading without blending and still hit 94 % acceptance. This older success shows gradual change helps, whether you fade utensils or mix foods.

04

Why it matters

You now know blending is a gentle, low-restriction tool, but it still lacks a strong evidence base. Start with the graduated-ratio plan from DeRoma et al. (2004): mix 10 % new into 90 % liked, then slowly shift the ratio while you record bites. Keep other proven tactics, like finger prompts or simple texture fading, in your pocket if blending alone stalls.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Begin a 10 % step blending program: mix one tiny spoon of new food into nine spoons of the child’s favorite purée, then increase the ratio only after three clean swallows.

02At a glance

Intervention
feeding intervention
Design
systematic review
Sample size
14
Population
developmental delay, feeding disorder
Finding
not reported

03Original abstract

AbstractResearch indicates feeding disorders are relatively common in children. Described as combining two or more food items in a way that prevents separation, blending is recommended when the child avoids novel textures or flavors. As a nonrestrictive approach to feeding disorders, blending may appeal to consumers. The present study reviewed experimental research published from 1998 to 2018 involving the use blending to address feeding disorders. In addition to study quality, methods, and effects, this review targeted procedures used to progressively introduce novel textures. Identified studies (n = 10) evaluated blending using single‐case designs. Studies included children (n = 14) generally under the age of four with diagnoses of disabilities or severe feeding disorders. Although the studies provided insight into practical considerations, the research did not exhibit sufficient rigor to support the use of blending. Special considerations may nonetheless justify the use of blending in treatment. Implications for practice follow a description of findings.

Behavioral Interventions, 2020 · doi:10.1002/bin.1748