Assessment & Research

A study of the homeostatic level of stereotypy and other motor movements of persons with mental handicaps.

Repp et al. (1992) · Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR 1992
★ The Verdict

Total body motion stays constant—when you cut stereotypy, fill the gap with purposeful movement or it will come back.

✓ Read this if BCBAs writing behavior plans for clients with ID or autism in school or day-program settings.
✗ Skip if Clinicians focused only on vocal or verbal stereotypy that involves little motor output.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

The team watched adults with intellectual disability for five school days. They counted every stereotypy and every other body movement.

No treatment was given. The goal was to see if the total daily motor output stayed the same.

02

What they found

Each person kept almost the same total movement score day after day. If stereotypy dropped one hour, other motions rose later.

The body acts like a thermostat for motion—cut one form and another fills the gap.

03

How this fits with other research

Einfeld et al. (1995) later pooled many studies and showed younger kids and certain topographies respond best to stereotypy treatment. Repp et al. (1992) gives the baseline picture inside that pool.

Elliott et al. (1994) and Frame et al. (1984) look like contradictions. Both found that 15 minutes of hard exercise cut stereotypy. The homeostatic view says the lost stereotypy should bounce back as other movement. The gap is in what was measured: the exercise studies only scored stereotypy, not total motion.

Neely et al. (2015) extended the idea. They ran exercise until kids showed satiation signs and still saw low stereotypy. Their data hint that heavy aerobic work may raise the whole daily motor budget, letting stereotypy stay down without breaking the homeostasis rule.

04

Why it matters

If you cut stereotypy without adding purposeful movement, the body will replace it. Plan for that. Pair any stereotypy reduction with active, functional tasks—delivering items, walking the hall, or brief vigorous exercise—so the motor thermostat is satisfied with adaptive behavior.

Free CEUs

Want CEUs on This Topic?

The ABA Clubhouse has 60+ free CEUs — live every Wednesday. Ethics, supervision & clinical topics.

Join Free →
→ Action — try this Monday

Schedule a 10-minute brisk walk or heavy-work task right before seat work, then track if stereotypy stays low.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
case series
Sample size
12
Population
intellectual disability
Finding
not reported

03Original abstract

Stereotypy is one of the most common behaviours demonstrated by persons with mental handicaps. As such, it has generated a number of theories concerning its origin or maintenance. One of these theories, the homeostatic one, suggests that some persons engage in stereotypies and other motor behaviours in order to maintain a relatively constant level of responding. If this was indeed true, the fact would have important implications for treatment, i.e. those persons who varied rates of both stereotypy and other movements but retained an overall level of motoric responding would seem to be those for whom procedures like the differential reinforcement of incompatible behaviour would be highly appropriate. The purpose of this paper was to determine whether some people do engage in constant levels of responding, and it did so by collecting data on stereotypy and other motor movements of 12 persons with retardation. Collected throughout the school day for 5 consecutive days on micro-computers, the data showed (1) that the stereotypic responding of four subjects was extraordinarily consistent, with the most deviant day's total being only 15 or 16% from the mean of the 5 days, (2) that other motor movements were inconsistent for all but one subject, but (3) that total movement (i.e. stereotypy plus other motor movements) was very high and was consistent for most subjects. The data were discussed in terms of assessing baselines for subjects for whom reinforcing adaptive motor movements would seem an appropriate means for reducing stereotypic responding.

Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR, 1992 · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1992.tb00471.x