Video modeling by experts with video feedback to enhance gymnastics skills.

Four young gymnasts watched short clips of Olympic-level athletes. Right after each clip, the kids saw a replay of their own try.

Coaches filmed the kids on the same three skills for every practice. The study used a multiple-baseline design across the skills.

Every gymnast got better on all three skills after the expert-plus-self video package. The gains showed up right away and stayed.

Hoch et al. (2007) tried a simpler replay trick first. They had adults with disabilities watch the same prompt video again after an error. That extra viewing fixed mistakes, just like the gymnasts’ self-replay did.

Carroll et al. (2022) swapped the expert model for a voice-over script and taught supervisors to give feedback. The voice-over kept the power of video, but now the skill was staff training, not back flips.

Preas et al. (2023) pushed the idea further. They used the voice-over clips to train therapists to run telehealth caregiver training. Same tool, new job—showing the method keeps working as demands grow.

You don’t need Olympic footage to use this. Film a short model of the target skill—tying shoes, stacking blocks, or entering data. Then let the learner watch their own attempt right after. The quick compare gives the brain a clear picture of ‘right vs. mine.’ One extra camera or tablet is all the gear you need.