Response preferences of monkeys (Macaca mulatta) within wavelength and line-tilt dimensions.
Built-in color likes can override your planned contingencies, so always pre-test stimulus arrays.
01Research in Context
What this study did
Researchers watched monkeys choose between colored lights and tilted lines.
They wanted to know if the animals had built-in likes or dislikes for any of the sights.
The team kept the food payoff the same no matter what the monkey picked.
They then tried to remove any payoff to see if the likes would vanish.
What they found
The monkeys always picked the blue light near 470 nm.
Even when the choice no longer gave food, the blue love stayed strong.
No clear favorite showed up for tilted lines.
Built-in color bias can beat the rules you set.
How this fits with other research
Clopton (1972) found monkeys follow Weber’s law when judging loudness.
That study shows sensory rules; the new one shows sensory likes.
WALLETHOMAS et al. (1963) saw that adding a clock to a fixed-interval schedule almost stopped the monkeys’ lever presses.
Both papers warn that small stimulus changes can swamp your planned contingencies.
Duker et al. (1991) later showed monkeys prefer less frequent shocks, proving schedule details can override valence.
Together, these works tell us to test, not assume, how each species reacts to sights, sounds, or timing cues.
Why it matters
Before you build a reinforcer array or a stimulus set, run a quick preference check.
A child, like these monkeys, may lock onto one color, shape, or sound and ignore the rest.
If the built-in like is strong, it can block new learning or skew your data.
Swap the loved item out or use it as the reinforcer so it works with you, not against you.
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02At a glance
03Original abstract
Four rhesus monkeys were tested for preferences within the wavelength and line-tilt dimensions. In the case of wavelength, the response panel was back-illuminated by light of one of the following wavelengths, presented in a random manner: 470, 525, 580, and 635 nm. Similarly, the line-tilt dimension was studied, by presenting a 5 cm by 0.3 cm black bar tilted at 0, 30, 60, or 90 degrees. No preferences were found within this latter dimension; in contrast, marked wavelength preferences existed, the order of preference being 470 (most preferred), 525, 580, and 635 nm (least preferred). These response preferences were resistant to behavioral manipulation; the number of responses to blue and to red in extinction was about equal when red was used as the training stimulus, but vastly different following training on blue. These results indicate that such response preferences must be taken into account in the design of a wide variety of experiments.
Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior, 1975 · doi:10.1901/jeab.1975.24-377