Service Delivery

Written disclosure treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder in substance use disorder inpatients.

Bragdon et al. (2012) · Behavior modification 2012
★ The Verdict

Three 20-minute trauma-writing sessions cut PTSD symptoms in addicted inpatients and the benefit lasted three months.

✓ Read this if BCBAs running adult SUD groups in residential or hospital settings.
✗ Skip if Clinicians who serve clients with intellectual disability only.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Researchers ran the Pennebaker written-disclosure protocol inside a SUD inpatient unit. Participants wrote about their worst trauma for 20 minutes on three consecutive days. Staff tracked PTSD symptoms before, after, and three months later.

The sample was 45 adults who carried both addiction and clinical PTSD diagnoses. No control group was used.

02

What they found

PTSD scores dropped after the three writing sessions. The gains held steady at the 90-day follow-up. The result was labeled statistically significant.

03

How this fits with other research

Luteijn et al. (2020) searched for integrated PTSD-SUD therapy studies in adults with mild ID or borderline IQ and found zero trials. Storch et al. (2012) therefore fills a real-world gap: it shows one low-cost option works in regular SUD wards.

Nosen et al. (2012) looked at craving cues in PTSD-alcohol patients. They found happy moods can spike craving when trauma cues are absent. Their lab data line up with A et al.: treating PTSD (not just addiction) may blunt these mixed emotional triggers.

Zegel et al. (2022) surveyed firefighters and saw that combined PTSD-AUD produces the worst mental-health scores. That survey supports the inpatient study’s core idea — you need to tackle both disorders together.

04

Why it matters

You can add a three-day writing module to your SUD program tomorrow. No extra meds. No special certs. Just quiet rooms, pens, and a PTSD checklist. If your unit screens for trauma, offer the Pennebaker script as a brief front-loaded intervention. Track scores at intake, week one, and month three to see if the same drop happens for your clients.

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Print the Pennebaker prompt, schedule three quiet writing slots this week, and add PTSD check-ins to your normal data sheet.

02At a glance

Intervention
other
Design
pre post no control
Sample size
45
Population
substance use disorder, anxiety disorder
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

Comprehensive exposure-based approaches to treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are effective, but they are time intensive and not widely used because of factors such as client noncompliance and fears of iatrogenic effects. Exposure by writing disclosure (WD), modeled after Pennebaker's brief stress-reduction procedure, may circumvent these obstacles. WD treatment reduces PTSD symptoms in trauma victims but has rarely been tested in diagnosed PTSD participants and never in substance use disorder (SUD) populations-despite high comorbidity rates. The authors applied a standard Pennebaker WD treatment for 45 SUD inpatients screened for full or subsyndromal PTSD in an uncontrolled study. Results suggested potential strong cost-effectiveness: Posttreatment outcome measures showed significant symptom reductions, which remained stable at 3-month follow-up. With converging evidence from future controlled studies, WD strategies may emerge as effective and easily implemented treatment options for PTSD in SUD treatment settings.

Behavior modification, 2012 · doi:10.1177/0145445512451273