Using synchronous reinforcement to increase mask wearing in adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities

Five adults with intellectual or developmental disabilities joined the study. Staff learned to give praise and a small snack the moment each client put on a mask. Training happened over Zoom in one evening.

The goal was 30 minutes of continuous mask wear. Sessions took place in the group home living room and later at a grocery store.

Every adult met the 30-minute mark once synchronous reinforcement began. Mask wearing also rose in the grocery store, even when staff faded the snacks.

Leslie et al. (2024) copied the same plan with preschoolers and saw the same gain. The schedule works across ages.

Houck et al. (2024) added a twist: let clients pick their favorite mask first, then use a leaner reward plan. Their adults kept masks on without extra escape training.

McHugh et al. (2025) later tried the same schedule on tooth-brushing and hand-washing. Only five of eight routines improved, showing masks were an easier first win.

You can teach this procedure in one telehealth call. Pick a strong reinforcer, deliver it right as the mask goes on, and set a 30-minute timer. Start in a quiet room, then test at the store. The data say it works for adults and kids, with or without a preference assessment, so you can begin Monday and adjust later.