Service Delivery

Use of the Medical Research Council Framework to develop a complex intervention in pediatric occupational therapy: Assessing feasibility.

Missiuna et al. (2012) · Research in developmental disabilities 2012
★ The Verdict

School OTs can trade pull-out therapy for quick teacher and parent coaching that builds lasting skills for kids with DCD.

✓ Read this if BCBAs and OTs working in elementary schools who want to serve more kids with the same staff.
✗ Skip if Clinic-based practitioners who only see clients one-on-one.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Missiuna et al. (2012) tested a new way to deliver OT in schools. Instead of pulling kids out for one-on-one therapy, the OT coached teachers and parents. The model is called Partnering for Change (P4C).

They ran the model in a few classrooms with kids who have developmental coordination disorder (DCD). Then they asked teachers and parents to fill out short surveys and talk about what changed.

02

What they found

Teachers and parents said they felt more able to help the kids. They learned simple tricks like breaking tasks into smaller steps and giving quick feedback. Kids stayed in class and kept up with lessons.

No one felt overloaded. The OT spent less time on direct therapy and more time guiding adults. Everyone wanted to keep the model going next year.

03

How this fits with other research

Rickert et al. (1988) showed the same idea works with parents. When parents had to prove they could do a skill, they kept using it at home. Cheryl’s team used that coaching style with both parents and teachers.

Bieber et al. (2016) list the best tests for fine-motor problems. Cheryl’s coaches used those tools to spot needs, then taught adults how to read the scores and pick goals.

St. Joseph et al. (2022) found video-modeling plus rewards helps kids with IDD learn health routines. Cheryl’s model adds the coach layer: adults first watch, then guide, then step back.

04

Why it matters

You can copy this model next week. Pick one teacher and one student. Spend 15 minutes showing how to adapt a worksheet or pencil grip. Leave a cue card. Check back in three days. When the teacher sees the payoff, she’ll ask for more. That’s how you scale without extra staff or money.

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Choose one classroom, demo one DCD-friendly strategy, and leave a visual cue so the teacher can run it without you.

02At a glance

Intervention
other
Design
case series
Population
developmental delay
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

The United Kingdom Medical Research Council recommends use of a conceptual framework for designing and testing complex therapeutic interventions. Partnering for Change (P4C) is an innovative school-based intervention for children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) that was developed by an interdisciplinary team who were guided by this framework. The goals of P4C are to facilitate earlier identification, build capacity of educators and parents to manage DCD, and improve children's participation in school and at home. Eight occupational therapists worked in school settings during the 2009-2010 school year. Their mandate was to build capacity through collaboration and coaching with the school becoming the "client", rather than any individual student. Over 2600 students and 160 teachers in 11 elementary schools received service during the project. Results from questionnaires and individual interviews indicated that this model was highly successful in increasing knowledge and capacity. P4C intervention holds promise for transforming service delivery in schools.

Research in developmental disabilities, 2012 · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2012.03.018