Service Delivery

Quality of life in caregivers of toddlers with autism features.

Edmunds et al. (2025) · Research in developmental disabilities 2025
★ The Verdict

Family-centered care lifts caregiver mood, but high stress still punches holes in quality of life—add group training or health sessions for real relief.

✓ Read this if BCBAs serving toddlers with autism and their parents.
✗ Skip if Clinicians who only work with older youth or in schools.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

The team asked 255 caregivers of toddlers about their quality of life. Some toddlers had autism, some had other delays, and some were typical.

Caregivers filled out short forms on family-centered care, parenting stress, and how they felt day-to-day.

02

What they found

More family-centered care meant better quality of life for every group. Yet high stress still dragged quality of life down, especially for autism caregivers.

Good care helps, but it does not erase the hit that stress gives.

03

How this fits with other research

Landon et al. (2018) saw the same drop: autism parents already score below average on life satisfaction.

Ağırkan et al. (2023) give hope. Their meta-analysis of Turkish group classes shows medium cuts in parent distress and large jumps in well-being. Classes did not just feel nice; they worked.

van der Miesen et al. (2024) add a twist. A year of weekly health sessions lifted parents’ fitness and kids’ motor skills. So active programs can move the needle beyond feelings.

Together the papers say: kind care is good, but you need real skills or health boosts to beat stress.

04

Why it matters

You can’t just offer friendly visits and call it done. Pair family-centered care with concrete stress-busters like group classes, peer chats, or exercise slots. Check stress first; if it’s high, add extra layers.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Map each family’s stress score; if it’s high, invite the parent to a local group class or peer group while you keep care plans warm and respectful.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
quasi experimental
Sample size
484
Population
autism spectrum disorder, developmental delay, neurotypical
Finding
positive
Magnitude
small

03Original abstract

Understanding factors that contribute to the quality of life (QoL) of primary caregivers of young autistic children can help researchers and clinicians provide high-quality support to caregivers and families. This study examined whether family demographic factors, parenting stress, and caregivers' perceptions of family-centered healthcare experiences uniquely predict caregivers' QoL. Participants were caregivers of toddlers with: features of autism (n = 119), other developmental delays (n = 101), and no developmental concerns (n = 264). We hypothesized that higher levels of perceived family-centered care would moderate (ameliorate) the relation between parenting stress and QoL. Higher levels of perceived family-centered care were associated with higher QoL for all groups but did not moderate the negative relation between parenting stress and QoL. Negative effects of parenting stress on QoL were stronger for caregivers of children with autism features compared to other groups. Future research is needed to determine how to provide additional support to caregivers with lower QoL, particularly caregivers who are experiencing income- or parenting-related stress and lower levels of family-centered care. Caregiver QoL is especially important to support across service settings (e.g., primary care, early intervention) during the birth-to-three period, when the process of accessing autism services can be challenging for caregivers.

Research in developmental disabilities, 2025 · doi:10.21037/atm.2016.02.15