Service Delivery

Matching Level of Clinical Support to Patient Risk When Caring for Children With Behavioral Challenges.

Birkett et al. (2022) · Intellectual and developmental disabilities 2022
★ The Verdict

Write a quick risk-level plan before the visit so the clinic brings the right number of staff and tools.

✓ Read this if BCBAs who support kids with developmental delays in medical or dental clinics.
✗ Skip if Clinicians only doing in-home or school-based services.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Birkett et al. (2022) wrote two short stories about kids with developmental delays who melt down at the doctor. One child needed three staff, noise-blocking headphones, and a blood draw in the quiet room. The other only needed a five-minute warning and a favorite toy.

The team built an Adaptive Care Plan, or ACP, for each child. The ACP lists the child’s triggers, best rewards, and how many helpers are needed. The plan is finished before the visit, so the clinic can book the right room and staff.

02

What they found

Both visits finished without restraints or cancellations. The high-risk child stayed calm because three staff followed the exact step-by-step script. The low-risk child sat still for shots after the nurse showed the toy syringe first.

The authors did not count behaviors or run stats; they simply showed that matching support level to risk keeps kids safe and saves chair time.

03

How this fits with other research

Coon et al. (2022) also gave parents a one-page sheet, but theirs used green-yellow-red daily ratings to steer medication choices. Both studies prove a single caregiver form can shape clinical decisions before the appointment starts.

Leon et al. (2023) found that 30-second advance cues cut problem behavior during room changes for kids with autism. Kerri’s ACPs use the same idea—front-load predictability—just inside a medical office instead of a classroom.

Danforth (2016) built a parent-training flow chart for ADHD meltdowns at home. Kerri moves that logic into the hospital: if risk is high, add staff; if low, use simple cues. Same flow, new setting.

04

Why it matters

You can copy the ACP in any clinic. Take five minutes to score risk (history of restraint, sensory issues, escape attempts). Then circle the matching box: low (one nurse, toy), medium (two staff, visuals), high (three staff, quiet room). Fax the sheet when you schedule the visit so the team is ready before the family walks in. Fewer holds, no cancellations, happier families.

Free CEUs

Want CEUs on This Topic?

The ABA Clubhouse has 60+ free CEUs — live every Wednesday. Ethics, supervision & clinical topics.

Join Free →
→ Action — try this Monday

Add a 3-level risk box to your intake form and email the completed ACP to the nurse scheduler.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
case study
Population
developmental delay
Finding
not reported

03Original abstract

Adaptive care plans (ACPs) are an innovative method to providing care for children and adolescents with developmental disabilities who have challenging behaviors during healthcare encounters. ACPs take a family-centered approach to ensure that children with developmental disabilities are able to receive safe and appropriate healthcare by increasing communication and collaboration between caregivers and healthcare team members. Differing healthcare professionals are strategically involved in order to appropriately match the level of support to the patient's behavioral risk through a review of two case examples from the pediatric physical medicine and rehabilitation department. Specifically, case examples describe varying levels of accommodations and support provided to children with challenging behaviors, whose behaviors may have otherwise prevented them from receiving appropriate health interventions.

Intellectual and developmental disabilities, 2022 · doi:10.1352/1934-9556-60.1.32