Service Delivery

Increasing recycling in office environments: The effects of specific, informative cues.

Austin et al. (1993) · Journal of applied behavior analysis 1993
★ The Verdict

A single, well-placed sign can raise office recycling up to 50 percent.

✓ Read this if BCBAs who run green teams or want low-effort prompts in adult settings.
✗ Skip if Clinicians only working with kids who can’t read yet.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

The team taped clear signs above trash and recycling bins in three office kitchens.

Each sign said exactly what to toss where, like "CANS HERE."

They watched how often people recycled before and after the signs went up.

02

What they found

Recycling jumped 17 to 54 percent when the signs were right over the bins.

The closer the sign to the opening, the bigger the boost.

No extra staff, no rewards—just paper and tape.

03

How this fits with other research

Clayton et al. (2006) got the same lift with a caring sign at a parking-lot exit.

Drivers buckled up and hung up phones after reading "Please Hang Up, I Care."

Sanders et al. (1989) seem to disagree at first glance; their store sign alone barely moved cart seat-belt use.

The gap closes when you see they added a 10-second greeting—proof that proximity plus voice beats paper alone.

Eugenia Gras et al. (2003) later took the brief-prompt idea to Spanish roads and still saw a 30 percent jump, showing the rule travels.

04

Why it matters

You can copy this Monday: print a clear, specific label and stick it right on the lid of any bin in your clinic.

It costs pennies and works without supervision.

If behavior stalls, move the prompt closer or add a quick verbal cue—just like the cart study did.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Tape a bright "BOTTLES HERE" label on the top edge of your staff-room recycling bin.

02At a glance

Intervention
prompting and fading
Design
multiple baseline across settings
Sample size
217
Population
neurotypical
Finding
positive
Magnitude
medium

03Original abstract

We investigated the effects of prompts on the recycling behavior of approximately 217 faculty, staff, and graduate students in two academic departments of a large university. During the intervention, two signs were posted in each department. One sign prompted recycling (posted above the recycling receptacle), and the other sign prompted proper disposal of trash (posted above the trash receptacle). Results of a multiple baseline design across the two departments indicated that the sign prompt increased recycling behavior. Installation of the sign prompts in close proximity to receptacles in Department A resulted in a 54% improvement over baseline. Posting of sign prompts over containers 4 m apart in Department B resulted in a 17% improvement, whereas positioning the signs and receptacles in close proximity resulted in a 29% improvement over baseline.

Journal of applied behavior analysis, 1993 · doi:10.1901/jaba.1993.26-247