Service Delivery

Family Experiences with the Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder: System Barriers and Facilitators of Efficient Diagnosis.

Martinez et al. (2018) · Journal of autism and developmental disorders 2018
★ The Verdict

Universal screening plus fixing travel and provider shortages shaves months off autism diagnosis time.

✓ Read this if BCBAs who help families navigate the diagnostic maze.
✗ Skip if Clinicians only doing therapy after diagnosis is already complete.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

McGarty et al. (2018) asked 450 families one big question: what helped or hurt getting an autism diagnosis?

Parents filled out a survey about screening, travel, and provider shortages. The team linked answers to how long diagnosis took.

02

What they found

Kids who had a routine autism screen got diagnosed faster. Long drives and few doctors added months of waiting.

Unstable answers from different doctors also slowed the process.

03

How this fits with other research

Knight et al. (2019) asked the same families more questions. They found families who drive farther, have older kids, or are African American miss more appointments. The two surveys match: distance and race matter.

Stephens et al. (2018) looked at family stress. Kids who lived through more adverse events waited 17-23% longer for diagnosis. McGarty et al. (2018) did not measure stress, so the papers stack, they do not clash.

Wallace-Watkin et al. (2023) pooled 18 studies and saw the same barriers: travel, few services, and stigma. Their 2023 review treats McGarty et al. (2018) as one piece of a bigger picture.

04

Why it matters

You can speed things up. Push for universal screening at every well-child visit. Offer telehealth or travel stipends when families face long drives. Track missed visits and call families back fast. These steps can cut months off the wait and start therapy sooner.

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Add a screening checklist to every intake packet and flag families who drive more than 30 miles for telehealth options.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
other
Sample size
450
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
not reported

03Original abstract

This paper examines family experiences with the efficiency of ASD diagnosis. Children were age 8 or younger with ASD (n = 450). Outcomes were delay from first parent concern to diagnosis, shifting diagnoses, and being told child did not have ASD. Predictors were screening, travel distance, and problems finding providers. Logit models were used to examine associations. Screening was associated with reduced delay in diagnosis; problems finding providers were associated with greater delay. Screening, travel distance, and delay in diagnosis were associated with shifting diagnoses and being told child did not have ASD. Physician and parent training in communication and addressing mental health professional shortages and maldistribution may improve the diagnosis experiences of families of children with ASD.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2018 · doi:10.1007/s10803-018-3493-1