Service Delivery

FACES: An Advocacy Intervention for African American Parents of Children With Autism.

Pearson et al. (2021) · Intellectual and developmental disabilities 2021
★ The Verdict

A short, culturally tuned parent course boosted Black caregivers’ power to win autism services.

✓ Read this if BCBAs serving Black families in urban or rural clinics.
✗ Skip if Practitioners who only work within single-payer systems with no service waitlists.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Researchers created a six-week program called FACES. It teaches Black parents of children with autism how to speak up for services.

The group met in person once a week. Parents learned their rights, practiced asking questions, and built a support network.

Before and after the program, parents answered surveys about confidence and community help.

02

What they found

After FACES, parents felt more ready to fight for therapy, school help, and doctor visits.

They also said they felt less alone and gave the program top marks for usefulness.

03

How this fits with other research

Loughrey et al. (2014) showed Black families in North Carolina get fewer autism services. FACES gives parents tools to close that gap.

Zhang et al. (2022) found private insurance still denies many autism claims. FACES adds parent voice to push back against those denials.

Thompson et al. (2025) moved parent-level advocacy to big state policy. FACES graduates could use the same checklist to fight for higher Medicaid rates.

04

Why it matters

You can copy FACES in your city. Run six short sessions that mix legal rights, role-play, and peer support. Track parent confidence with a quick survey. Graduates leave knowing how to demand ABA, speech, and school plans instead of waiting on lists.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Invite five Black caregivers to a lunch-and-learn; share a one-page rights handout and schedule the first FACES-style meeting.

02At a glance

Intervention
parent training
Design
pre post no control
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

Children with autism and their families often face challenges accessing early intervention and related services. African American children face additional challenges due to disparities in diagnoses and access to services. These disparities present a great need for parent advocacy to combat culturally insensitive service delivery and strained parent-professional partnerships. In this sequential mixed methods study, we piloted a 6-week parent-training intervention (FACES) among African American parents of children with autism and evaluated participants' empowerment, advocacy, and partnerships pre- and postintervention. Results indicated that parents' advocacy, sense of empowerment, and community support were strengthened, following the FACES program. Participants also described the FACES intervention as socially valid. Implications for research and practice are discussed.

Intellectual and developmental disabilities, 2021 · doi:10.1352/1934-9556-59.2.155