Service Delivery

Equivalence‐based instruction to teaching reading by families and teachers students with autism and/or intellectual disabilities

Benitez et al. (2023) · Behavioral Interventions 2023
★ The Verdict

Parents and teachers can run equivalence-based reading lessons that take non-reading students with autism or ID to 80% word accuracy.

✓ Read this if BCBAs working with early readers with autism or ID in home or inclusive classrooms
✗ Skip if Clinicians serving only fluent readers or students who already decode well

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Benitez et al. (2023) asked parents and teachers to run a computerized reading program. The kids had autism or intellectual disability and could not read any of the 21 target words.

The team used equivalence-based instruction. Kids matched pictures to spoken words, then to printed words, and finally read the words out loud.

Sessions happened at home or in class. A multiple-baseline design showed that gains appeared only after teaching started.

02

What they found

Every child reached 80% correct or better on the 21 taught words. Some kids needed only a few sessions; others needed more.

Parents and teachers kept high fidelity scores while running the software. The kids still read the words two weeks later.

03

How this fits with other research

Albright et al. (2015) and Oliveira et al. (2021) proved that equivalence lessons work on college kids. Benitez moves the same logic down to early readers with autism or ID.

Ulriksen et al. (2024) also taught reading to students with ID, but used phonics and AAC tools in a special-ed room. Benitez shows that equivalence software works in inclusive settings without extra AAC gear.

Shawler et al. (2021) drilled keywords and saw only word gains, not comprehension. Benitez focused on word mastery too, so the 80% jump fits that pattern.

04

Why it matters

You no longer need a BCBA on site to run equivalence reading lessons. Give parents or teachers a short script and the free program, then watch non-readers turn into kids who can read 21 new words. Start with a five-word set next Monday and track data after each lesson.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Load the first five-word equivalence set, train the parent or teacher with the script, and start baseline data today.

02At a glance

Intervention
stimulus equivalence training
Design
multiple baseline across behaviors
Population
autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability
Finding
positive
Magnitude
large

03Original abstract

AbstractThe study evaluated the learning of computerized equivalence‐based reading instruction in students with intellectual disability and/or autism who attend regular school when exposed to a teaching practices package (teaching practices programmed) conducted by different educational agents (parents, regular classroom teachers, and special education teachers) in school settings and at home. The students were exposed to teaching packages that were applied by educational agents. The study has two hypotheses. First, the involvement of teachers and families in implementing interventions, in the presence of the researcher, may contribute to their learning to read in inclusive classrooms and at home. Secondly, the teaching of reading in Portuguese language may be favored by the direct teaching of syllables. A multiple baseline procedure was used to evaluate the teaching of three sets of words. Students improved from zero reading skills in the pretest to an average of 80% correct responses out of 21 taught words.

Behavioral Interventions, 2023 · doi:10.1002/bin.1932