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Effects of a 12-week telehealth exercise intervention on gait speed and gait deviations in adults with Down syndrome.

Hilgenkamp et al. (2024) · Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR 2024
★ The Verdict

Twelve weeks of Zoom-based, DS-tailored exercise makes adults with Down syndrome walk faster and straighter.

✓ Read this if BCBAs writing adaptive fitness goals for adults with Down syndrome in day or residential programs.
✗ Skip if Clinicians who only serve young children or non-ambulatory clients.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Sappok et al. (2024) ran a 12-week exercise program for adults with Down syndrome.

All sessions happened on Zoom. A trainer coached each adult through moves made for DS bodies.

The team filmed walking before and after to see if speed and joint angles changed.

02

What they found

After the program, adults walked faster and with straighter knees and ankles.

Fewer wobble steps were seen on the videos.

03

How this fits with other research

Kınacı-Biber et al. (2026) looked at kids with DS and saw thin leg muscles and slow, short steps. That sounds like bad news, but the kids were not in an exercise plan. T et al. show that when adults with DS actually train, the story flips.

Tse (2020) gave kids with autism a 12-week jogging plan and also saw medium gains in daily skills. The same 12-week dose worked again, this time on Zoom.

Koh (2024) pooled 16 studies and found that exercise plans longer than 12 weeks boost social skills in autism. The Down-syndrome plan lands right inside that sweet spot.

Simacek et al. (2020) and Gerow et al. (2021) proved telehealth coaching can reach high fidelity in autism parent training. T et al. stretch the same remote model to adult fitness in DS.

04

Why it matters

You can now write an adaptive PE goal for an adult with DS and run it over Zoom. No van ride, no crowded gym. Just a laptop, a cleared living-room floor, and 45 minutes, three times a week. Track gait with a phone video every four weeks. If speed and foot angle improve, keep the plan. If not, tweak the moves or add ankle weights. Telehealth exercise is billable under many state waivers, so you can start Monday without new funding.

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Film a 10-meter walk, open a free video-call account, and run the first 30-minute session using the DS-specific moves listed in the paper.

02At a glance

Intervention
other
Design
quasi experimental
Sample size
20
Population
down syndrome
Finding
positive
Magnitude
medium

03Original abstract

BACKGROUND: Altered gait patterns and reduced walking speed are commonly reported in adults with Down syndrome (DS). Research on the effects of DS-specific exercise programmes on adults with DS is lacking. The purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to evaluate the changes in gait deviations and walking speed in adults with DS after a DS-specific exercise programme. METHODS: Twenty participants underwent a 12-week, DS-specific exercise programme in a telehealth format. Before and after the intervention, gait deviations were assessed with the Ranchos Los Amigos Observational Gait Analysis form, and comfortable walking speed was evaluated with the 4-m walk test. RESULTS: We observed increased comfortable walking speed and reduced gait deviations in the whole gait cycle in adults with DS after the intervention. There were fewer gait deviations during single-leg stance and swing-limb advancement and at the hip, knee and ankle joints after the 12-week exercise programme. CONCLUSIONS: Gait speed and observable gait impairments in adults with DS significantly improved following a 12-week telehealth exercise programme.

Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR, 2024 · doi:10.1111/jir.13132